职业污名对本科生专业认同的影响机制——以旅游管理类专业本科生为例

The Influence Mechanismof Occupational Stigma on Undergraduates'Major Identity——Taking Undergraduates Majoring in Tourism Management as an Example

旅游业的职业污名现象和旅游管理类专业本科生的专业认同不高使旅游业人才大量流失。基于社会身份认同理论,构建旅游职业污名对专业认同影响模型,采用问卷调查法对450名大学生进行调查。研究发现:旅游管理类专业本科生的职业污名感知会导致其专业认同度下降;职业认同在职业污名感知对专业认同的影响中有一定的中介作用;对于人际关系压力较大的学生来说,职业污名会对其专业认同产生更强的负面效应。因此,应加强对旅游管理等特定专业的宣传,树立积极向上的专业形象,减少对该类专业的刻板印象和负面评价;加强对学生的心理支持和教育干预,帮助学生树立积极的职业自我认同,建立支持体系和社会网络,为学生提供积极向上的社会环境和人际支持。

Major identity has great influence on the personal development of undergraduate students,and the problem of undergraduate major identity needs to be paid enough attention.The occupational stigma of tourism and the low major identity of tourism management undergraduates have caused a large loss of tourism talents.Based on the theory of social identity,a model of the influence of tourism occupational stigma on major identity was constructed,and 450 college students were investigated by a questionnaire.The findings are as follows.The perception of occupational stigma of tourism management majors leads to the decline of their major identity.Occupational identity plays a mediating role in the influence of occupational stigma perception on major identity.For students with higher interpersonal stress,occupational stigma has a stronger negative effect on their major identity.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of specific majors such as tourism management,establish a positive image of such majors,and reduce the stereotype and negative evaluation of such majors.Besides,it is essential to strengthen psychological support and educational intervention for students to help them establish a positive occupational self-identity,and establish a support system and social network to provide students with a positive social environment and interpersonal support.