一株拮抗灰葡萄孢的木霉菌筛选鉴定与促生效应

Screening and Identification of a Trichoderma Strain Antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea and Its Growth-promoting Effect

由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)引起的灰霉病是一种世界范围内的真菌性病害,给农业生产造成严重的经济损失.木霉是一种重要的灰霉病防治真菌,但是现有的木霉菌剂在低温条件下防治灰霉病的效果较差.为获得低温条件下有效拮抗灰霉病的木霉菌株,利用平板对峙法在16℃低温条件下筛选到一株拮抗灰霉病菌的木霉菌株C4-2,拮抗效率为58.77%.形态学和分子生物学鉴定表明其为一株拟康宁木霉(Trichoderma koningiopsis).经拟康宁木霉C4-2孢子悬液处理的黄瓜幼苗在根长、叶长和叶宽方面均显著高于空白对照组,表明拟康宁木霉C4-2能够促进黄瓜幼苗生长.本研究鉴定的低温条件拮抗灰霉病菌且具有促生效果的木霉菌株为设施黄瓜冬季灰霉病的绿色防治奠定了基础.

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a worldwide fungal disease that causes serious economic losses to agricultural production.Trichoderma is an important biocontrol fungus against B.cinerea,but the existing Trichoderma fungicides exhibit poor control effects on gray mold under low temperature conditions.In order to obtain Trichoderma strains that effectively antagonize B.cinerea at low temperature conditions,a Trichoderma strain C4-2 antagonistic to B.cinerea was obtained at 16 ℃ by the dura-culture method,with an antagonistic efficiency of 58.77 %.Morphological and molecular biological identification indicated that it is a strain of Trichoderma koningiopsis.The root length,leaf length and leaf width of cucumber seedlings treated by conidia suspension of T.koningiopsis C4-2 were significantly higher than those of the control group,indicating that T.koningiopsis C4-2 could promote the growth of cucumber seedlings.The Trichoderma strains identified in this study with good control effect under low temperature conditions and growth-promoting effects would lay the foundation for the green control of gray mold of cucumber in winter.