光子气体的热力学量

Thermodynamic Quantity of Photon Gas

光子气体反映了20世纪物理学的量子力学与相对论两个主要发展,是理想气体模型的丰富补充.从统计物理的角度研究光子气体的各热力学量,光子气体的化学势为零,常温下光子气体的粒子数、内能、压强和熵等物理量比理想气体小数十个数量级,但在超高真空下可以比拟.

The photon gas reflects two major developments of twentieth century physics:quantum mechanics and relativity,it is a rich supplement to the ideal gas model.Various thermodynamic quantities of the photon gas are studied from the statistical physics point of view,the chemical potential of the photon gas is zero.At room temperature,the number of particles,internal energy,pressure and entropy of photon gas are tens of orders of magnitude smaller than that of ideal gas,but they can be compared in the ultra-high vacuum.