中国纺织业环境污染的区域差异及减排路径研究

Research on the Regional Differences and Emission Reduction Pathways of Environmental Pollution in China’s Textile Industry

作为国民经济与社会发展的支柱产业,纺织业环境污染治理关乎中国工业绿色低碳发展格局的全面建成。应用“因子分析”的改进拉开档次法、Dagum基尼系数考察我国纺织业环境污染状况与区域差异,通过联立方程回归进行纺织业环境政策的情景分析以及探究减排路径。结果表明:1998—2021年,全国层面纺织业环境污染指数略有降低;八大综合经济区纺织业环境污染指数之间的差异显著存在,但总体基尼系数呈下降趋势。全国层面上,提高环境治理投入、增强环境规制及提高外商直接投资力度均未能够有效促进纺织业污染减排,降低能源消耗的政策有效促进了纺织业污染减排,但会一定程度影响纺织经济增长,据此提出中国纺织业污染减排的一般路径;从各经济区纺织业环境污染指数均值来看,长江中游经济区最高,其余从高到低依次为东部沿海经济区、南部沿海经济区、北部沿海经济区、大西南经济区、大西北经济区及黄河中游经济区,东北经济区较低,据此提出中国纺织业污染减排的差异化路径。

As a pillar industry of national economic and social development,environmental pollution control in the textile industry is crucial for the comprehensive establishment of China’s green and low-carbon industrial development pattern.In this paper,the improved factor analysis method and Dagum Gini coefficient were uesd to examine the environmental pollution status and regional differences of China’s textile industry,the simultaneous equation regression was used for conducting scenario analysis of textile industry environmental policies and exploring emission reduction paths.The results showed that from 1998 to 2021,the environmental pollution index of the textile industry at the national level slightly decreased.There were significant differences in environmental pollution in the textile industry among the eight comprehensive economic zones,but the overall Gini coefficient showed a downward trend.At the national level,increasing investment in environmental governance,strengthening environmental regulations,and increasing foreign direct investment had not effectively promoted pollution reduction in the textile industry.Policies of reducing energy consumption had effectively promoted pollution reduction in the textile industry,but they had also affected the growth of the textile economy to a certain extent.Based on this,a general path for pollution reduction in China’s textile industry was proposed.From the average environmental pollution index of the textile industry in various economic zones,the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone had the highest value,while the rest were ranked from high to low in the eastern coastal economic zone,southern coastal economic zone,northern coastal economic zone,southwestern economic zone,northwestern economic zone,the middle reaches of the Yellow River Economic Zone,and northeast economic zone.Based on this,a differentiated path for pollution reduction in China’s textile industry was proposed.