2020-2022年深圳市南山区某医院动物致伤就诊患者伤害特征分析

Injury Characteristics of Patients with Animal-caused Injuries in Nanshan District,Shenzhen,China,2020-2022

目的分析深圳市南山区某医院2020-2022年因动物致伤而就诊的患者伤害特征,为深圳市动物致伤防控提供科学依据。方法收集该医院2020-2022年动物致伤患者的病历信息,内容包括性别、年龄、受伤部位、狂犬病暴露等级、就诊时间、致伤动物信息,按照年龄划分为≤13岁组、14~34岁组、35~64岁组、≥65岁组四组,并进行组间差异分析。结果21568名患者的平均年龄为28(±16.70)岁,犬、猫导致的伤害占比90.72%,≤13岁组的就诊人数在每年的1-2月、7-8月出现高峰,且头颈面部受伤的比例(7.95%)高于其他组(χ^(2)=669.412,P<0.001);≥65岁的患者深层受伤的比例(30.36%)高于其他组(χ^(2)=262.216,P<0.001)。结论深圳市动物致伤患者数量庞大,应该重视动物致伤预防,根据不同年龄段人群动物致伤发生因素采取干预,降低动物致伤的发生率和减轻由此产生的疾病负担。

Objective To analyze characteristics of animal-caused injuries in patients who visited a hospital in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen City,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of such injuries.Methods The medical record information of patients with animal-caused injuries in this hospital from 2020 to 2022 was collected,including gender,age,injury site,rabies exposure level,consultation time,and information of the injured animal.The patients were divided into four age groups:≤13 years old,14-34 years old,35-64 years old,and≥65 years old,and the difference between groups was analyzed.Results The mean age of the 21,568 patients was 28(+16.70)years old,90.72%of the injuries were caused by dogs and cats,the number of visits in the≤13 years old group peaked in January-February and July-August,and the proportion of injuries occurred on the head,neck,and face(7.95%)which was higher than that of the other groups(χ^(2)=669.412,P<0.001).The proportion of deep injuries in patients≥65 years old(30.36%)was higher than in other groups(χ^(2)=262.216,P<0.001).Conclusion The large number of patients with animal-caused injuries in Shenzhen should be emphasized,and preventions and interventions should base on the incidence of animal-caused injuries in different age groups and the resulting disease burden.