青少年社会支持与抑郁症状关联的研究现况

A Literature Review on Associations Between Social Support and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents

青少年的社会支持主要来自家庭、同辈、老师和学校等,提高青少年的社会支持水平有助于减少其抑郁症状,并且不同来源的社会支持对于抑郁症状预防发挥着不同的积极作用。本文通过梳理近十年的文献,从青少年社会支持与抑郁症状关联的理论模型、不同来源社会支持对抑郁症状的影响、相关研究热点与展望三个方面,呈现了国内外的研究现况。相关的双向关联模型表明了青少年抑郁症状早期筛查和提高社会支持的重要性,不同来源支持对青少年抑郁症状的保护作用提示应为青少年构建多元化的社会支持网络。

Social support for adolescents mainly comes from their families,peers,teachers and schools,etc.Improving their social support can help to reduce their depressive symptoms,and different sources of social support play different positive roles in prevention of the symptoms.This paper presents the current status of research at home and abroad by combing the literature of the past decade from three aspects:the theoretical model of associations between social support and depressive symptoms in adolescents,effects from different sources of social support on depressive symptoms,and hotspots and outlooks of related research.Exploration of bivariate associations suggests the importance of early screening for adolescent depressive symptoms.Improvement of social support and protective effect from different sources of support indicate that a diverse social support network should be effective for reducing the symptoms.