轮作十字花科蔬菜对草莓土壤微生态环境的影响

Effects of Rotating Cruciferous Vegetables on the Microbiotic Environment of Strawberry Soil

以5种不同种类十字花科蔬菜为试材,以采集草莓根际土壤作为空白对照,蔬菜还田后的土壤作为处理,对空白对照和处理采用土壤微生物培养、高通量测序、提取酚酸物质及检测酶活性等技术,通过对土壤三大菌群、土壤微生物种类、酚酸物质和酶活性进行分析,研究轮作十字花科蔬菜还田后对草莓土壤微生态环境的影响,以期为改良连作草莓土壤提供参考依据。结果表明:微生物培养处理细菌占比明显高于对照;高通量测序结果表明,细菌在属水平的处理较比对照组增加11个属,真菌在门水平的多样性增加,处理组优势菌子囊菌占比降低近13%,该菌含有有害菌几率较高;蔬菜酚酸物质检测结果表明茼蒿抑菌效果最佳;土壤酶活性检测结果表明甘蓝处理酶活性提高最多。十字花科蔬菜还田对土壤三大菌群、微生物群落、多样性及土壤酶活性产生了一定影响。总体上,茼蒿对草莓土壤微生态环境影响最大,可在生产中进行推广种植茼蒿改良土壤。

Five different kinds of cruciferous vegetables were used as the test materials.The strawberry rhizosphere soil was collected as the blank control,and the soil after the vegetables were returned to the field which was used as the treatment group.The technology of the soil microbial culture,high-throughput sequencing,extracting the phenolic acid material and detecting the enzyme activity was used.The three major soil microbial groups,soil microbial species,phenolic acid and enzyme activities were used to analyse.The changes of soil microbiological environment of cruciferous vegetables returned to the field were studied,in order to provide reference for the improvement of continuous strawberry soil.The results showed that the proportion of bacteria in the microbial culture treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the high-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity of bacteria and fungi in the control group increased,but the proportion of Ascomycota was higher;the test results of phenolic acid substances in vegetables showed that the best antibacterial effect was crowndaisy chrysanthemum;the test results of soil enzyme activity showed that the enzyme activity in the cabbage treatment group increased the most.The return of cruciferous vegetables had an influence on the three major soil flora,microbial communities,diversity and soil enzyme activity.In general,crowndaisy chrysanthemum had the greatest impact on the microscopic environment of strawberry soil,and it could be promoted in the production to improve the soil.