结核病诊断生物标志物研究进展

Research Progress on Tuberculosis Diagnostic Biomarkers

结核病由结核分枝杆菌复合群(Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex,MTBC)引起,对全球人类和动物健康造成了较大威胁。MTBC成员基因组序列相似性较高,鉴别难度较大。而现有诊断生物标志物在结核病早期诊断、潜伏性结核分枝杆菌感染与活动性结核病状态鉴别、治疗效果评估等方面还存在不足。随着分子生物学技术的发展和临床研究的不断深入,更多新的结核病诊断生物标志物不断被发掘。本文从结核病病原和宿主两个方面,系统归纳了DNA、RNA、脂阿拉伯糖甘露聚糖(LAM)、蛋白质、细胞因子、代谢产物等结核病诊断相关生物标志物的研究进展及应用现状,以期为结核病诊断生物标志物的应用及相关诊断技术和产品的研发提供依据和方向。

Tuberculosis(TB)is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC),posing a threat to human and animal health all over the world.MTBC members have highly similar genomic sequence,resulting in difficulty in identification.But current diagnostic biomarkers are limited in early diagnosis of tuberculosis,distinguishing latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection from active tuberculosis status,evaluation on treatment efficacy,etc.With the development of molecular biology technologies and continuous clinical researches,more potential TB diagnostic biomarkers have been discovered.Here,the research progress and application of TB diagnostic biomarkers including DNA,RNA,lipoarabinomannan(LAM),proteins,cytokines,metabolites and others were summarized from the aspects of TB pathogens and hosts,with a view to providing a basis and direction for application of TB diagnostic biomarkers and development of relevant diagnosis technologies and products.