异氰酸酯种类对混炼型聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

Effect of Different Types of Isocyanates on the Properties of MPU

以聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG 1000)、扩链剂α-烯丙基甘油醚与不同二异氰酸酯为原料,采用预聚体法工艺合成混炼型聚氨酯(MPU)弹性体生胶,之后与各种加工助剂配合,采用橡胶加工工艺进行混炼与硫化处理,制得MPU硫化胶。探究二异氰酸酯结构对MPU硫化胶力学性能、玻璃化转变温度、耐老化性能和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:MDI型MPU硫化胶的力学性能与阻尼性能最优异,HMDI型的耐热氧老化性能最优异,TDI型的最差,而异氰酸酯的种类对MPU硫化胶的低温性能无明显影响。

The crude rubber of millable polyurethane(MPU)elastomer was synthesized with polytetra hydrofuran diol(PTMG,M=1000),chain extender glycerol α-monoallyl ether and different diisocyanates as raw materials by prepolymerization process.Then several vulcanized MPUs were prepared by mixing and vulcanizing with various processing aids.The effects of diisocyanate structure on the mechanical properties,glass transition temperature,aging resistance and damping properties of MPU vulcanized rubber were studied.The results showed that the mechanical properties and damping properties of MDI-type MPU were the best,the thermal oxygen aging resistance of HMDI-type MPU was the best,and the TDI-type MPU was the worst,and the type of diisocyanates had no significant effect on the low-temperature performance of the millable polyurethane elastomers.