美国国家安全战略的全球再平衡

The Global Rebalance of America's National Security Strategy

奥巴马政府以来,美国在国家安全问题上采取了一种收缩战略,试图在欧洲和中东地区收缩力量,将战略重心置于亚太地区。然而,这种主观的战略设计使得美国全球战略失衡,导致了乌克兰危机和加沙冲突接连爆发,美国不得不将部分战略资源和外交精力回撤欧洲和中东。由此,美国国家安全战略客观上出现了全球再平衡,它体现了大国权力要素流动和战略资源调配的均势机理,显露出美国秉持相对收益思维的战略后果。由于战略资源和外交精力有限,美国将难以平衡欧洲、中东和“印太”三个地区。当前,乌克兰危机和加沙冲突面临升级风险,美国国家安全战略正处于十字路口,其重心转向亚太的历史顶峰可能已经过去。

The United States has adopted a retrenchment strategy on national security issues since the Obama administration,attempting to reduce its power projection in Europe and the Middle East and shifting its strategic priority to the Asia-Pacific.However,this subjective strategic design has brought an imbalance in the United States'global strategy,leading to the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis and Gaza conflict.The United States had to withdraw some strategic and diplomatic resources to Europe and the Middle East.As a result,America's national security strategy has achieved a global rebalance,which not only reflects the balance mechanism of power flow and strategic resource allocation among major countries,but also demonstrates strategic consequences of the US's adherence to relative benefit thinking.Due to the limited strategic and diplomatic resources,the United States will find it difficult to balance the three regions of Europe,the Middle East,and the“Indo–Pacific.”The Ukraine crisis and Gaza conflict are facing the risk of escalation,and the US national security strategy is at a crossroads,with the historical peak of its pivot to Asia-Pacific possibly already over.