基于InVEST模型和地理探测器的吉林省生境质量变化及驱动因素评估

Assessment of habitat quality changes and driving factors in Jilin Province based on InVEST model and geodetector

吉林省处于我国东北森林带和北方防沙带交接区,是我国东北重要的生态安全屏障。近年来,吉林省积极开展生态保护修复工程,生态环境总体呈持续改善的趋势,然而目前仍然缺乏对该地区生境质量演变规律及其机制的深入研究。本研究应用InVEST模型和地理探测器方法,分析2000-2020年吉林省生境质量变化及主要驱动因素。结果表明:研究期间,吉林省生境质量均值呈微弱下降趋势,东、西部生境质量空间分异特征逐渐增强,生境退化度呈现以长春市为中心的单核辐射结构;植被因素是导致生境质量空间分异的主要因素,地形因素是导致生境质量空间分异的次要因素;吉林省生态保护红线内生境质量均值呈逐年上升趋势,与生境质量等级为极高的区域分布总体一致,在吉林省东部存在局部空间错位(即生境质量极高等级不在生态保护红线范围内的现象)。研究结果可为生态系统保护和空间格局优化提供参考。

Jilin Province is an important ecological security barrier in Northeast China as it is located at the junction of the Northeast forest belts and the northern sand prevention belts.In recent years,Jilin Province has actively carried out ecological protection and restoration projects,resulting in a continuous improvement trend for the overall ecological environment.However,the evolution patterns and mechanisms of habitat quality are largely unkown.We applied the InVEST model and geographic detector method to analyze the changes in habitat quality and evaluate the main driving factors from 2000 to 2020.The results showed that the average habitat quality in Jilin Province showed a slight downward trend,and that the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of habitat quality in east and west gradually increased.The degree of habitat degradation presented a single nuclear radiation pattern centered on Changchun City.Vegetation factors and terrain factors were the first and secondary causes of spatial heterogeneity of habitat quality,respectively.The average habitat quality within the eco-redline of Jilin Province was showing an increasing trend year by year,which was consistent with the overall distribution of regions with extremely high habitat quality levels.There was a local spatial dislocation(the phenomenon of extremely high habitat quality levels not within the eco-redline)in the eastern part of Jilin Province.Our results could provide reference basis for ecosystem protection and the spatial pattern optimization.