互动式健康宣教结合正念心理干预对无偿献血者献血知识及心理状态的影响

Effects of interactive health education combined with mindfulness psychological intervention on blood donation knowledge and psychological state of voluntary blood donors

目的探讨互动式健康宣教结合正念心理干预对无偿献血者献血知识及心理状态的影响。方法招募2021年8月至2022年12月239名无偿献血者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=112)与试验组(n=127)。对照组在献血前接受常规健康宣教及心理干预,试验组在献血前接受互动式健康宣教结合正念心理干预。比较两组的献血知识得分、不良反应发生情况、心理状态及满意度。结果干预后,两组的献血知识得分均升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的不良反应总发生率为4.72%,明显低于对照组的14.29%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均降低,且试验组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的满意度为96.85%,明显高于对照组的86.61%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论互动式健康宣教结合正念心理干预可以提高献血者的献血知识水平及满意度,改善其心理状态,降低献血不良反应发生率,进而促进无偿献血行为的开展,是一种有效的手段,值得在临床中应用及推广。

Objective To explore the effects of interactive health education combined with mindfulness psychological intervention on blood donation knowledge and psychological state of voluntary blood donors.Methods A total of 239 voluntary blood donors from August 2021 to December 2022 were recruited as the research objects,and the voluntary blood donors were divided into control group(n=112)and experimental group(n=127)according to the random number table method.The control group received routine health education and psychological intervention before blood donation,and the experimental group received interactive health education combined with mindfulness psychological intervention before blood donation.The scores of blood donation knowledge,adverse reactions,psychological status and satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the scores of blood donation knowledge in both groups increased,and those in the experimental group were higher than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 4.72%,which was significantly lower than 14.29%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)in the two groups decreased,and those in the experimental group were lower than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction of the experimental group was 96.85%,which was significantly higher than 86.61%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Interactive health education combined with mindfulness psychological intervention can enhance the knowledge level and satisfaction of blood donors,improve their psychological state,reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of blood donation,and promote the development of voluntary blood donation.It is an effective means and worthy of clinical application and promotion.