《基于骨髓样本的多发性骨髓瘤微小残留病灶检测专家共识(2024年版)》解读

Interpretation of expert consensus on minimal residual disease detection in multiple myeloma based on bone marrow samples(2024)

多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)是血液系统第二大常见恶性肿瘤,标准的整体治疗模式及新药为主的方案极大地改善了MM患者的生存,但微小残留病灶(minimal residual disease,MRD)的存在可导致绝大多数患者的复发。目前,二代流式细胞术(next-generation flow cytometry,NGF)和二代测序(next-generation sequencing,NGS)是基于骨髓样本检测MM患者MRD的主流技术。为了推进MM患者MRD检测技术的标准化和规范化,中华医学会血液学分会实验诊断学组及浆细胞疾病学组、中国医师协会多发性骨髓瘤专业委员会讨论制订了在MM患者中应用NGF和NGS技术进行MRD检测的中国专家共识。为更好地指导临床实践,本文拟对共识的临床和实验室部分进行解读。

Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematologic malignant tumor.Standard of care and new drug-based regimens have greatly improved the survival of MM patients,but minimal residual disease(MRD)causes relapse in the vast majority of patients.At present,next-generation flow cytometry(NGF)and next-generation sequencing(NGS)are the mainstream technologies for detecting MRD based on bone marrow samples.To standardize and normalize MRD detection,the Experimental Diagnosis Group and Plasma Cell Disease Group of the Hematology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association,and the Multiple Myeloma Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association discussed and formulated the Chinese expert consensus on the application of NGF and NGS technology for MRD detection in MM patients.To better guide clinical practice,this article intends to interpret the clinical and laboratory parts of the consensus.