解释论下算法的法律定位与私法规制进路

The Legal Status and Regulating Pathway of Algorithms in Private Law under Theory of Interpretation

人工智能算法自动化决策的过程属于人机交互的决策过程,算法因此具有可规制性。算法的适用可能导致对民事主体权益的侵害,算法因此具有私法上的可规制性。在能作为技术方案并符合新颖性、创造性和实用性要求时,算法得作为发明专利客体进行保护。对于无法作为发明专利客体的人工智能算法,可通过商业秘密路径获得权利保护。在算法作为交易媒介的交易关系中,若因算法自身负面特性招致权益受损,算法使用人可向算法服务提供者请求违约责任或侵权责任的承担。在算法作为数据分析手段所涉法律关系中,因算法处理数据涉及民事主体的人格权或知识产权时,权利主体可在算法服务提供者未及时采取必要措施时请求其承担侵权责任。

The process of automated decision-making by artificial intelligence algorithms belongs to the human-machine interactive decision-making process,and therefore the algorithms are subject to regulation.The application of algorithms may lead to infringement of civil subject rights and therefore the algorithms are subject to regulation in private law.When an algorithm can be used as a technical solution and meets the requirements of novelty,creativity and practicality,it can be protected as an invention patent object.For artificial intelligence algorithms that cannot be protected as invention patent objects,rights protection can be obtained through the commercial secret path.In transaction relationships where algorithms are used as transaction media,if the negative characteristics of the algorithm itself cause damage to rights and interests,the user of the algorithm can request the algorithm service provider to assume breach of contract or tort liability.In legal relationships involving data analysis where algorithms are used,if the processing of data by the algorithm involves unauthorized personality rights or intel ectual property rights of other civil subjects',the rights'holder can request the algorithm service provider to assume tort liability if necessary measures are not taken in a timely manner.