关注老年抑郁症患者的认知障碍

Enhancing the understanding of cognitive impairment in late-life depression

老年抑郁症是一种常见的老年精神障碍,具有高发病率、低识别率和高痴呆转化风险等特点。老年抑郁症患者普遍存在不同程度的认知功能障碍,尤其是执行功能和处理速度方面的缺陷。文章深入分析了老年抑郁症认知障碍的可能病理机制,包括前额叶网络紊乱、脑血管损伤和阿尔茨海默病相关病理变化。在治疗方面,抗抑郁药可改善部分认知功能,但对执行功能的改善效果有限。针对老年抑郁症认知障碍病理机制的靶向治疗展现出潜在价值,但仍需进一步研究。鉴于老年抑郁症的高度异质性,未来研究应致力于解析其病理异质性,以实现更精准的个体化治疗策略,从而提高老年抑郁症患者的生活质量并降低痴呆转化风险。

Late-life depression(LLD)is a common mental disorder among the elderly,characterized by a high incidence rate,low recognition rates,and a high risk of progression to dementia.LLD patients generally exhibit varying cognitive impairment,particularly in executive function and processing speed.The article provides an in-depth analysis of the potential pathological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in LLD,including prefrontal network dysfunction,cerebrovascular damage,and Alzheimer′s disease-related pathological changes.Regarding treatment,antidepressants can improve some cognitive functions but are limited in executive function.Targeted therapies addressing the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in LLD show potential value but require further research.Given the high heterogeneity of LLD,future studies should focus on unraveling its pathological heterogeneity to achieve more precise individualized treatment strategies.This approach aims to improve the quality of life for LLD patients and reduce the risk of progression to dementia.