甘蓝型油菜花期耐寒性的鉴定评价与种质筛选

Identification,Evaluation,and Screening of Brassica napus L.Germplasm Accessions with Cold Tolerance at the Flowering Stage

为了建立油菜花期耐寒性鉴定评价体系,对49份甘蓝型油菜资源进行花期人工低温处理(-2℃,12 h),通过对参试材料花期低温胁迫下表型症状特征评分及聚类分析,鉴定耐寒性等级;通过追踪调查比较人工低温处理与大田自然低温胁迫下参试材料成熟期性状,验证人工低温处理鉴定方法的准确性。鉴定结果表明:JD08、JD10、JD17属强耐寒种质(第Ⅰ级),JD04、JD06、JD14属耐寒种质(第Ⅱ级),JD24、JD26、JD30等30份种质属于低温敏感种质(第Ⅲ级),JD36、JD38、JD41、JD44为低温极敏感种质(第Ⅳ级)。验证结果说明,采用盆栽油菜花期人工低温处理对甘蓝型油菜花期耐寒性的鉴定评价体系具有较高的准确性。

To establish an identification and evaluation system for cold tolerance of Brassica napus L.during the flowering stage,this study treated 49 germplasm accessions of B.napus L.at a low temperature(−2°C)for 12 h during the flowering stage.The cold tolerance of each accession was graded based on the phenotypic characteristics,and cluster analysis was performed for the accessions.The accuracy of identification based on the artificial low-temperature treatment method was verified by comparing the traits of the tested materials under artificial low-temperature treatment and natural low-temperature stress at the maturity stage in the field.The results showed that JD08,JD10,and JD17 were the germplasm accessions with strong cold tolerance(grade I).JD04,JD06,and JD14 were the germplasm accessions with moderate cold tolerance(grade II).Thirty accessions including JD24,JD26,and JD30 were the germplasm accessions with low cold tolerance(grade III).JD36,JD38,JD41,and JD44 had extremely low cold tolerance(grade IV).The verification results indicated that the identification and evaluation system for cold tolerance of B.napus L.during the flowering stage by using artificial low-temperature treatment of potted B.napus L.plants during the flowering stage had high accuracy.