心理弹性在病区护士情绪劳动与工作投入及职业倦怠间中介作用

Mediating Role of Resilience between Emotional Labor,Work Engagement,and Burnout among Ward Nurses

目的探讨病区护士情绪劳动与工作投入、职业倦怠的关系,及心理弹性的中介作用。方法2022年10~11月,采用分层随机抽样法抽取深圳市某三级甲等医院240名病区护士,采用一般资料调查表、情绪劳动量表、心理弹性量表、工作投入量表、职业倦怠量表为研究工具进行问卷调查。以Pearson相关分析和多元分层回归分析了解病区护士情绪劳动与心理弹性、工作投入及职业倦怠的关系;采用Amos27.0构建结构方程模型,分析心理弹性在情绪劳动与工作投入、职业倦怠之间的中介作用。结果月平均收入对深层扮演的影响显著(F=4.993,P<0.01)。病区护士表面扮演与工作投入之间呈负相关(r=-0.140,P<0.05)。表面扮演与职业倦怠之间呈正相关(r=0.275,P<0.001)。自然表现和心理弹性之间呈正相关(r=0.327,P<0.001),深层扮演和心理弹性之间呈正相关(r=0.34,P<0.001)。心理弹性与工作投入之间呈正相关(r=0.64,P<0.001),与职业倦怠之间呈负相关(r=-0.557,P<0.001)。心理弹性在病区护士自然表现与职业倦怠之间存在部分中介效应(β=-0.136,P<0.001),中介效应占总效应的比例为58.62%。结论心理弹性在病区护士自然表现与职业倦怠之间存在部分中介效应。护理管理人员可通过情绪劳动和心理弹性培训,提高病区护士的心理弹性水平,以促进其工作投入,降低职业倦怠。

Objective To explore the relationship between emotional labor,work engagement,and burnout among ward nurses,and the mediating role of resilience.Methods From October to November 2022,a stratified random sampling method was used to select 240 ward nurses from a Grade A tertiary hospital in Shenzhen.Questionnaires were conducted using a general information survey,emotional labor scale,resilience scale,work engagement resilience scale,and burnout scale as research tools.Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stratified regression analysis were employed to understand the relationships between emotional labor,resilience,work engagement,and occupational burnout among ward nurses.Amos 27.0 was used to construct a structural equation model to analyze the mediating role of resilience between emotional labor and work engagement,as well as burnout.Results Monthly average income has a significant impact on deep acting(F=4.993,P<0.01).There is a negative correlation between surface acting among ward nurses and work engagement(r=−0.140,P<0.05).Surface acting is positively correlated with burnout(r=0.275,P<0.001).Deep acting and resilience are positively correlated(r=0.327,P<0.001),as well as Nature acting and resilience(r=0.34,P<0.001).Resilience is positively correlated with work engagement(r=0.64,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with job burnout(r=−0.557,P<0.001).Resilience has a partial mediating effect between ward nurse’nature acting and burnout(β=−0.136,P<0.001),with the mediating effect accounting for 58.62%of the total effect.Conclusion There is a partial mediating effect of resilience between the natural behavior of ward nurses and their job burnout.Nursing managers can enhance the resilience of ward nurses through training in emotional labor and resilience,which can boost their work engagement and reduce burnout.