钻井数字孪生技术研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Development Trend of Drilling Digital Twin Technology

在第四次工业革命技术浪潮的推动下,油气钻井行业正朝着信息化、数字化、智能化方向快速发展,钻井数字孪生技术成为行业前沿与热点。钻井数字孪生技术是将真实钻井工程映射到虚拟空间,建立集成多学科、多物理量、多尺度的钻井过程全生命周期虚拟仿真模型,实现钻前演练、钻中优化、钻后分析等功能,保障安全、高效、低成本钻进,提高复杂油气储层钻井效率。在分析数字孪生技术在钻井工程中的应用现状的基础上,将钻井数字孪生分为钻机数字孪生和井筒数字孪生,并提出钻井数字孪生五维系统架构;同时,分析了钻井数字孪生未来发展趋势,包括钻井数据实时高效传输、地质模型精细表征、多领域一体化建模与仿真、仿真模型动态自适应更新、机理与数据融合建模、安全高效的人机交互及云边协同软件系统架构,并提出我国钻井数字孪生技术发展的相关建议。研究结果可为钻井数字孪生技术体系的构建提供参考,对于推动钻井行业智能化革新具有一定的指导意义。

Driven by the technological impetus of the Fourth Industrial Revolution,the oil and gas drilling industry is rapidly advancing towards informatization,digitization,and intelligentization,with drilling digital twin technology emerging as a frontier and hotspot in the field.Drilling digital twin technology aims to map real drilling operations into virtual space and establish integrated,multi-disciplinary,multi-physical,and multi-scale virtual simulation models throughout the entire lifecycle of drilling.This enables functions such as pre-drilling rehearsal,indrilling optimization,and post-drilling analysis,ensuring safe,efficient,and cost-effective drilling while enhancing the drilling efficiency of complex oil and gas formation.The current application status of digital twin technology in drilling engineering was introduced,and drilling digital twins were categorized into rig digital twins and wellbore digital twins.A five-dimensional system architecture for drilling digital twins was proposed.Furthermore,future development trends in drilling digital twins were analyzed,including real-time and efficient transmission of drilling data,refinement and quantification of geological models,multi-domain integrated modeling and simulation,dynamic adaptive updating of simulation models,the integration of mechanistic and data-driven modeling,safe and efficient human-machine interaction,and cloud-edge collaborative software system architecture.Relevant suggestions for the development of drilling digital twin technology in China were also proposed.The research findings could serve as a reference for establishing a drilling digital twin technology system and provide guidance for promoting intelligent innovation in the drilling industry.