铝材中夹杂物研究进展

Research progress on inclusion in aluminum

铝材中夹杂物的类型和特征对铝材性能有重要影响。本文综述了夹杂物对铝材的危害及铝材中夹杂物的检测手段,从夹杂物来源、形貌角度介绍了铝熔体中Al_(2)O_(3)、MgO、MgAl_(2)O_(4)、TiB_(2)、Al_(4)C_(3)、AlN、盐等类型的夹杂物。其中Al_(2)O_(3)最为普遍,形态多样,尺寸变化范围宽;MgO、MgAl_(2)O_(4)多存在于铝镁合金中;其他类型夹杂物虽然在熔体中含量较低,但相较铝材基体性质差异大,且存在团聚现象,在铝生产加工过程中需重视。夹杂物的检测方法大致可分为离线检测与在线检测2种,目前工厂检测方法从离线检测向在线检测转变已成为主要趋势。

The type and characteristics of inclusions in aluminum have an important influence on the performance of aluminum.This paper reviewed the hazards of inclusions to aluminum and the detection methods of inclusions in aluminum and introduced the types of inclusions from the perspective of inclusions source and morphology,such as Al_(2)O_(3),MgO,MgAl_(2)O_(4),TiB_(2),Al_(4)C_(3),AlN and salt,etc.Among these inclusions,Al_(2)O_(3) is the most common,with diverse morphology and a wide range of size variation.MgO and MgAl_(2)O_(4) mostly exist in aluminum-magnesium alloys.Although the content of other types of inclusions in the melt is low,these inclusions differ from the aluminum matrix with agglomeration phenomenon,which needs to be paid attention to in the aluminum production and processing process.The detection method of inclusions can be roughly divided into two kinds,offline detection and online detection.Currently,the shift from offline detection to online detection has become the main trend in factory detection methods.