论中国商周至秦汉时期金属锯工具的体系化设计

The Systematic Design of Metal Sawing Tools in China from the Shang-Zhou to Qin-Han Periods

本文以商周至秦汉时期的金属锯为研究对象,从纵向与横向两个维度梳理了金属锯工具体系由单一到多样、由粗略到精微的发展路径。综合运用设计学、考古类型学、统计学、力学的学科方法,通过对金属锯长、宽、厚,以及锯齿的大小与角度进行数据量化分析。揭示了金属锯通过改变锯体材质、丰富锯型种类、改良锯体形制、优化锯齿形态,使金属锯使用过程更舒适、加工方式更合用、锯解效率更高效与质量更精细的演变路径,通过考察商周至秦汉时期金属锯演变的内容与结果,为探索古代木作技术与木工匠役群体的发展路径提供了参考,对探索传统木作技术的现代化转译具有重要的学术价值。

This paper examines metal saws from the Shang-Zhou to Qin-Han periods,mapping the development trajectory of metal sawing tools from singular to diverse and from rudimentary to refined across both vertical and horizontal dimensions.Applying methodologies from design,archaeological typology,statistics,and mechanics,the study quantitatively analyzes data on the length,width,thickness,and tooth size and angle of metal saws.The adaptive design features revealed include changes in saw body material,diversification of saw types,refinement of saw shapes,and optimization of tooth morphology,resulting in improved comfort,processing suitability,sawing efficiency,and precision.This examination provides a reference for understanding the development of ancient woodworking techniques and the evolution of carpentry groups,offering significant academic value for the modernization and reinterpretation of traditional woodworking practices.