多元复配阻燃剂对水性漆阻燃性能的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Multiple Compound Flame Retardants on the Flame Retardant Performance of Waterborne Paints

研究旨在提高木制品的阻燃性能,减少火灾威胁。通过选择聚磷酸铵(APP)、四水八硼酸二钠(DOT)和硼酸硼砂(BABX)作为多元复配阻燃剂,探究不同阻燃剂间复配后的协同阻燃机制。试验以桉木单板为基材,制备阻燃型水性漆并进行阻燃测试。单因素试验确定了阻燃剂的优化添加量区间,响应面设计试验分析了三种阻燃剂交互协同作用对阻燃和抑烟效果的影响。结果表明,APP、DOT、BABX的添加均能减小燃烧半径,且APP效果最好,BABX次之;APP与DOT、BABX的协同作用能增加初烟时间,DOT与BABX的协同作用能有效抑制烟雾产生。模型预测的最优配比为APP2.96%、DOT5.89%、BABX4.4%,验证测试结果与理论值接近,表明模型具有良好可靠性。此外,阻燃剂的添加对涂料的漆膜强度影响不大。该研究为制备高效、环保的阻燃涂料提供了理论依据和实践指导。

This research aims to enhance the flame-retardant performance of wood products and reduce the risk of fire.Ammonium Polyphosphate(APP),Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate(DOT),and Boric Acid Borax(BABX)were selected as multiple compound flame retardants to explore the synergistic flame-retardant mechanisms after compounding different flame retardants.In the experiments,eucalyptus veneer was used as the base material to prepare flame-retardant waterborne paint,followed by flame-retardant tests.The single-factor experiment determined the optimal addition range of the flame retardants,while the response surface design experiment analyzed the effects of the interactive synergy among the three flame retardants on flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance.The results showed that the addition of APP,DOT,and BABX reduced the burning radius,with APP showing the best effect,followed by BABX.The synergy between APP and DOT or BABX increased the initial smoke time,while the combination of DOT and BABX effectively suppressed smoke generation.The optimal ratio predicted by the model was APP 2.96%,DOT 5.89%,and BABX 4.4%,with verification test results closely matching the theoretical values,indicating good model reliability.Additionally,the addition of flame retardants had a minimal impact on the coating’s film strength.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the preparation of efficient and eco-friendly flame-retardant coatings.