饲粮中添加坚木单宁对辽宁绒山羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Dietary Quebracho Tannin Supplementation on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism,and Antioxidant Capacity of Liaoning Cashmere Goats

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平坚木单宁(QT)对辽宁绒山羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和抗氧化能力的影响。选择1周岁、体重[(36.67±3.21) kg]相近的辽宁绒山羊公羊35只,随机分为5组,每组7只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,4个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加5、10、15和20 g/kg的QT。饲养试验持续42 d,其中预试期21 d,正试期21 d。饲养试验结束后,进行消化代谢试验,消化代谢试验共持续7 d,其中适应期2 d,采样期5 d。结果显示:1)各试验组绒山羊的干物质采食量(DMI)均较对照组显著增加(P<0.05),5、10和15 g/kg QT组绒山羊的料重比(F/G)显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2)10 g/kg QT组绒山羊的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),5 g/kg QT组绒山羊的粗脂肪和总磷表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)各试验组绒山羊的尿氮较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),5、15和20 g/kg QT组绒山羊的沉积氮和氮利用率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)各试验组绒山羊血浆中尿素氮含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),15和20 g/kg QT组绒山羊血浆中丙二醛含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),15 g/kg QT组绒山羊血浆中总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组和5 g/kg QT组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加适量的QT可以增加辽宁绒山羊的DMI,降低F/G,减少尿氮排出量,提高沉积氮和氮利用率,并且可以提高抗氧化能力。在本试验条件下,辽宁绒山羊饲粮中坚木单宁的最适添加水平为15 g/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diets with different levels of quebracho tannin(QT)on the growth performance,nutrient digestion and metabolism,and antioxidant capacity of Liaoning cashmere goats.Thirty-five yearling Liaoning cashmere goats with similar body weight[(36.67±3.21)kg]were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 goats in each group.The animals of control group were fed the basal diet,and those of the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5,10,15 and 20 g/kg of QT,respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 42 days,including 21 days in the pre-trial period and 21 days in the trial period.After the feeding experiment,digestion and metabolism experiment was carried out.The digestion and metabolism experiment lasted for 7 days,including 2 days of adaptation and 5 days of sampling.The results showed as follows:1)the dry matter intake(DMI)of cashmere goats in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the feed/gain(F/G)of cashmere goats in the 5,10 and 15 g/kg QT groups were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);2)the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber of cashmere goats in the 10 g/kg QT group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of ether extract and total phosphorus of cashmere goats in the 5 g/kg QT group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);3)the urinary nitrogen of cashmere goats in the experimental groups was significant-ly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the retained nitrogen and nitrogen utilization rate of cashmere goats in the 5,15 and 20 g/kg QT groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);4)the urea nitrogen content in plasma of cashmere goats in the experimental groups was signifi-cantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),the malondialdehyde content in plasma of cashmere goats in the 15 and 20 g/kg QT groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the total superoxide dismutase activity in plasma of cashmere goats in the 15 g/kg QT group was significantly higher than that in the control group and 5 g/kg QT group(P<0.05).In concludsion,dietary with appropriate amount of QT can increase the DMI of Liaoning cashmere goats,reduce the F/G and urinary nitrogen output,improve retained nitrogen and nitrogen utilization rate,and also increase the antioxidant capacity.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal supplementation level of QT in the diet of Liaoning cashmere goats is 15 g/kg.