假蒟提取物对夏季海南黑山羊睾丸生长发育、抗氧化能力和免疫水平的影响

Effects of Piper sarmentosum Roxb.Extract on Testicular Growth and Development,Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Level of Hainan Black Goats under Summer

本试验旨在探究假蒟提取物(PSE)对夏季海南黑山羊睾丸生长发育、激素水平、抗氧化能力及免疫水平的影响。试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,选取36只体况良好、体重相近的3月龄海南黑山羊公羔,随机分为4组,每组9只,单栏饲养。在基础饲粮中分别添加0(CON组)、200(200PSE组)、400(400PSE组)、600 mg/kg PSE(600PSE组)进行饲喂,预试期15 d,正试期90 d。结果显示:饲粮中添加不同水平PSE对夏季海南黑山羊阴囊、睾丸和附睾生长发育均无显著影响(P>0.05),但与CON组相比,饲粮中添加200、400、600 mg/kg PSE使睾丸重分别提高了10.73%、4.26%、8.58%,使附睾重分别提高了24.82%、36.04%、32.46%。400PSE组和600PSE组曲细精管直径显著大于CON组和200PSE组(P<0.05);除间质细胞外,曲细精管中其他生精细胞(支持细胞、精原细胞、精母细胞、精子细胞和精子)的密度均在PSE添加量为400 mg/kg时最高,且显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。睾丸组织中睾酮(T)和促黄体生成素(LH)水平以600PSE组最高,400PSE组最低,这2组之间差异显著(P<0.05);与CON组相比,400PSE组睾丸组织中琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性显著增加(P<0.05)。400PSE组和600PSE组睾丸组织中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)较CON组显著提高(P<0.05);与CON组相比,200PSE组、400PSE组和600PSE组睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),分别提高了14.11%、23.45%、17.20%;与CON组相比,200PSE组、400PSE组和600PSE组睾丸组织中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量分别提高了9.73%(P<0.05)、4.18%(P>0.05)、10.83%(P<0.05),白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量分别提高了7.56%(P>0.05)、2.66%(P>0.05)、15.46%(P<0.05);当PES添加量为600 mg/kg时,睾丸组织中热休克蛋白27(HSP27)含量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加PSE可以提高夏季海南黑山羊睾丸组织的抗氧化能力和免疫水平,缓解热应激引起的睾丸潜在氧化损伤,进而促进睾丸生长发育。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Piper sarmentosum Roxb.extract(PSE)on the testicular growth and development,hormone level,antioxidant capacity and immune level of Hainan black goats in summer.Thirty-six 3-month-old healthy Hainan black goat male lambs with similar body weight were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into four groups of nine lambs each using a one-way com-pletely randomized experimental design,and each lamb was raised in a single pen.Lambs were fed basal diets supplemented with 0(CON group),200(200PSE group),400(400PSE group)and 600 mg/kg PSE(600PSE group),respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 15 days and the experimental period lasted for 90 days.The results showed that the diets supplemented with different levels of PSE did not significantly affect the growth and development of scrotum,testis and epididymis of Hainan black goats in summer(P>0.05).Com-pared with the CON group,when diets supplemented with 200,400 and 600 mg/kg PSE,the testis weight was increased by 10.73%,4.26%and 8.58%,and the epididymis weight was increased by 24.82%,36.04%and 32.46%,respectively.The seminiferous tubule diameter of the 400PSE group and 600PSE group was sig-nificantly increased compared with the CON group and 200PSE group(P<0.05);except interstitial cells,the densities of other spermatogenic cells(Sertoli cells,spermatogonia,spermatocyte,sperm cells,and sperm)in the seminiferous tubule of 400PSE group had the highest values,and were significantly higher than those of CON group(P<0.05).The levels of testosterone(T)and luteinizing hormone(LH)in testicular tissue had the highest values in the 600PSE group,and had the lowest values in the 400PSE group,there were significant differences between 600PSE group and 400PSE group(P<0.05);compared with the CON group,the succi-nate dehydrogenase(SDH)activity in testicular tissue of 400PSE group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in testicular tissue of 400PSE group and 600PSE group was signifi-cantly increased compared with the CON group(P<0.05);the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in testic-ular tissue of 200PSE group,400PSE group and 600PSE group was significantly increased compared with the CON group(P<0.05),and they were increased by 14.11%,23.45%and 17.20%,respectively;compared with the CON group,the content of immunoglobulin G(IgG)in testicular tissue of 200PSE group,400PSE group and 600PSE group was increased by 9.73%(P<0.05),4.18%(P>0.05)and 10.83%(P<0.05),and the content of interleukin-4(IL-4)was increased by 7.56%(P>0.05),2.66%(P>0.05)and 15.46%(P<0.05),respectively;the content of heat shock protein 27(HSP27)in testicular tissue was significantly in-creased when the supplemental level of PES was 600 mg/kg(P<0.05).In conclusion,diet supplemented with PSE can increase the antioxidant capacity and immune level of testicular tissue,alleviate the potential oxidative damage of testis induced by heat stress,and then promote the testicular growth and development of Hainan black goats under summer.