饲料中添加包衣屎肠球菌对异育银鲫生长性能和肌肉品质的影响

Effects of Diets Supplemented with Coated Enterococcus faecium on Growth Performance and Muscle Quality of Gibel Carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加包衣屎肠球菌对异育银鲫生长性能和肌肉品质的影响。选取240尾初重[(10.99±0.01) g]相近的异育银鲫,随机分成3组,每组设4个重复,每个重复20尾。3组试验鱼分别投喂添加0(对照组)、1.0×10^(7)(LF组)和1.0×10^(8)CFU/g(HF组)包衣屎肠球菌的饲料,实测饲料中乳酸菌活菌数分别为<10^(4)、5.4×10^(6)和6.2×10^(7)CFU/g,试验期12周。结果显示:与对照组相比,HF组的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率显著提高(P <0.05),饲料系数显著降低(P <0.05)。LF组的肌肉pH、解冻损失率均显著低于对照组(P <0.05),LF组、HF组肌肉的羟脯氨酸、胶原蛋白含量均较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,LF组肌肉的韧性显著提高(P<0.05),HF组肌肉的硬度、韧性、咀嚼性均显著提高(P<0.05)。LF组、HF组的肌纤维直径显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而肌纤维密度则显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加包衣屎肠球菌可以促进异育银鲫生长,提高其肌肉品质,且以添加量为1.0×10^(8)CFU/g时效果较好。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diets supplemented with coated Enterococcus faecium on growth performance and muscle quality of gibel carp(Carassius auratus gibelio).A total of 240 gibel carp with similar body weight[(10.99±0.01)g]were randomly divided into 3 groups,and each group was designed 4 replicates with 20 fish per replicate.Fish in the 3 groups were fed diets supplemented with 0(control group),1.0×10^(7)(LF group)and 1.0×10^(8) CFU/g(HF group)coated Enterococcus faecium,in which the viable count of lactic acid bacteria was<10^(4),5.4×10^(6) and 6.2×10^(7) CFU/g,respectively.The trial lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows:compared with the control group,the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of the HF group were significantly enhanced(P<0.05),and the feed conversation ratio was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The muscle pH and thawing loss ratio of the LF group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05),while the con-tents of hydroxyproline and collagen in muscle of the LF group and HF group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the muscle toughness of the LF group was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the muscle hardness,toughness and chewiness of the HF group were significantly improved(P<0.05).The muscle fiber diameter of the LF group and HF group was signifi-cantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the muscle fiber density was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,diets supplemented with coated Enterococcus faecium can promote the growth and improve the muscle quality of gibel carp,and the effect is better when the supple-mental level is 1.0×10^(8) CFU/g.