唐蕃交往交流交融遗存碑刻研究

A Study on the Historical Inscriptions Reflecting the Tang-Tubo Interactions and Integration

在200多年的唐蕃交融史中,留下了大量的历史遗迹,包括碑刻、史籍以及民间故事等。其中,现存于西藏境内的、反映唐蕃关系的汉藏文碑刻有四通:一是位于吉隆县境内的“大唐天竺使之铭”,刻于唐显庆三年(658),是唐蕃早期友好交往关系的见证。二是位于布达拉宫广场的“恩兰·达扎路恭碑”,记载了763年吐蕃大将达扎路恭(马重英)率军攻占长安的历史,是唐蕃中期交流交锋的见证。三是位于昌都察雅的仁达摩崖石刻,刻于804年,记载了参与制作佛像的藏汉工匠姓名,是唐蕃中晚期佛教文化交融的见证。四是位于大昭寺门前的唐蕃会盟碑,刻于823年,是唐蕃交融“社稷如一”的见证。从这几通碑刻的历史背景,可以清晰地看到中华民族多元一体格局形成的历史发展轨迹。

During the 200-year history of interactions and integration of the Tang and the Tubo(the ancient Tibet),a large number of historical relics have been left behind,including inscriptions,historical books,and folktales,etc.Among them,there are four Chinese and Tibetan inscriptions in Tibet reflecting the relationship between the Tang and Tubo.The first one is the"Inscription of the the Great Tang's Envoy to India"preserved in Gyirong County,engraved in the third year of Xianqing in the Tang Dynasty(658),which is a witness to the early friendly relations between the Tang and Tubo.The second one is the inscription on the Tablet Doring Chima(rdo-ring-pyi-ma)at the square of the Potala Palace,recorded the history event of the Tubo general Dakdra Lukong(ngan-lam-stag-sgra-klu-khong,also known as Ma Chongying)leading the army to seize the Chang'an city in 763.It is a witness to the interactions between the Tang and Tubo in the mid of the period.The third one is the inscrip-tion on Renda Cliff Carving in Tragyab County carved in 804,recorded in the names of the Tibetan and Han arti-sans who involved in the production of the statues there.It is witness to the Buddhist cultural exchanges of the Tang and Tubo in the late the period.The fourth one is on the Tablet for the Tang-Tubo Alliance erected in front of the Jokhang Temple engraved in 823.It is the witness of the integration of the Tang-Tubo as"one communi-ty".From the historical background of these inscriptions,it can clearly seen the development of the history of the Chinese nation's pluralism and unity.