技术创新与企业出口产品质量:异质效应与影响路径

Innovation and Enterprise Export Product Quality:Heterogeneity and Mechanism

作为培育新质生产力的核心引擎,技术创新对促进外贸高质量发展的赋能作用愈发凸显。在外贸转型升级中充分释放创新动能、提升企业国际竞争力,仍需厘清技术创新影响企业出口产品质量升级的内在逻辑及异质效应。本文在产品质量异质性模型的框架下,利用2001~2013年国家知识产权局、中国工业企业与海关的匹配数据,实证分析了技术创新对企业出口产品质量的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:技术创新能够带动企业出口产品质量升级,并在高层次创新活动、高知识产权保护地区展现更强的提升作用。与此同时,影响机制分析的结果表明技术创新将通过改善企业盈利能力、提升中间品投入质量和人力资本水平,实现企业出口产品质量升级。以上研究发现有助于理解创新赋能机制、促进外贸提质增效、加速形成新质生产力。

As the core engine for cultivating new quality productive forces,innovation plays an increasingly prominent role in promoting the high-quality development of foreign trade.In order to fully release the innovation momentum and improve the international competitiveness of enterprises in the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade,it is still necessary to clarify the internal logic of the effect of innovation on export product quality and its heterogeneous effects.Under the framework of the heterogenous productivity quality model,and based on the matching data of China industrial enterprise database,China customs database and patent database from 2001 to 2013,this paper analyzes the impact of innovation on the quality upgrading of enterprises'export products and its mechanism.The results show that innovation has a positive impact on the quality upgrading of export products,especially for enterprise with high-level innovation activities,of high-level intellectual property protection as well as in medium technology industry.At the same time,the results of mechanism analysis show that innovation can promote the quality upgrading of export products by improving enterprise profits and profitability,enabling enterprises to invest in intermediate products and human capital both with higher quality.The above research is of great significance to further understanding the innovation enabling mechanism,promoting the quality and efficiency of foreign trade,and accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces.