助听器即刻体验对听障老人自尊感和助听器评价的影响

The Impact of An Immediate Experience of Hearing Aids on The Self-Esteem Evaluation and Hearing Aids Judgement in The Elderly with Hearing Loss

目的分析不同程度老年听力障碍患者在即刻体验助听器后听力状况和自尊感的变化,探讨影响助听器配戴意愿的因素。方法招募107例中度至中重度感音神经性听力减退老年人,根据听力损失情况,提供即刻助听器配戴体验,配戴前后进行纯音听阈测试、安静条件下言语测试、自尊量表、助听器评价表和助听器配戴意愿评估。结果助听后,患者左右耳听阈及双耳安静状态下言语(语句)识别率均有显著提升(P<0.05)。助听前后,患者自尊量表评分比较,重度听力下降组自尊感在助听器配戴后出现明显降低(P<0.05),其中自尊量表问题1、3、7项评分降低,问题8评分升高,强调了助听器在功能性、舒适性和社交影响方面对患者自尊感的重要性。轻中度听力组的未助听平均听阈对助听器配戴意愿有显著影响,即听力下降程度越高,配戴意愿越强(P<0.05)。重度听力下降组的助听后自尊感得分对助听器配戴意愿有显著影响,即助听后自尊感得分越低,配戴意愿越强(P<0.05)。结论老年性听力障碍患者通过专业的助听器验配,可以显著提升聆听能力及言语识别能力。助听器的合理选配不仅可改善听力,对老年听力障碍人群的自尊感也会产生影响。听力损失程度与患者自尊感、助听器配戴意愿之间存在密切关系。为实现全面有效的听力康复,需关注患者自尊感等心理变化。

Objective To analyze the changes in hearing and self-esteem in elderly patients with varying degrees of hearing loss after using hearing aids,and explore whether these changes affect their willingness to wear hearing aids.Methods 107 elderly individuals with moderate to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss were recruited.Based on the severity of their hearing loss,they were provided with an immediate hearing aid experience.Pure-tone audiometry,speech tests in quiet conditions,self-esteem scales,hearing aid evaluation forms,and assessments of willingness to use hearing aids were conducted before and after the fitting.Results The hearing thresholds in both ears and the speech(sentence)recognition rates in a quiet environment significantly improved after using hearing aids(P<0.05).Comparing the self-esteem scale scores before and after using hearing aids,the severe group showed a significant decrease in self-esteem after wearing hearing aids(P<0.05).Specifically,scores on items 1,3,and 7 of the self-esteem scale decreased,while the score on item 8 increased,highlighting the importance of hearing aids in terms of functionality,comfort,and social impact on patients'self-esteem.The willingness to wear hearing aids in the mild to moderate hearing loss group was significantly affected by the unaided average hearing threshold,with a higher degree of hearing loss correlating with stronger willingness to wear hearing aids(P<0.05).In the severe hearing loss group,the post-hearing aid self-esteem scores had a significant impact on the willingness to wear hearing aids,with lower self-esteem scores after using hearing aids correlating with a stronger willingness to wear them(P<0.05).Conclusion For elderly patients with hearing impairment,professional hearing aid fitting can significantly improve their listening ability and speech recognition.Proper selection and fitting of hearing aids not only improve hearing but also impact the self-esteem of elderly individuals with hearing impairment.There is a close relationship between the degree of hearing loss,the patient's self-esteem,and their willingness to wear hearing aids.To achieve comprehensive and effective hearing rehabilitation,attention must also be paid to psychological aspects such as the patient's self-esteem.