飞机主起落架-刚性跑道动力相互作用与响应分析

Dynamic interaction and response analysis between aircraft main landing gear and rigid runway

为了进一步明晰飞机-跑道系统的相互作用机制和动力响应,首先,本文建立了飞机主起落架-刚性跑道动力相互作用的物理模型,将飞机轮胎和跑道地基分别模拟为刚性滚子模型和Pasternak地基模型;其次,基于位移协调原理推导出刚性滚子模型和Pasternak地基模型的数学表达式,采用新型快速显式积分算法求解飞机起落架和跑道结构的振动响应;最后,以B737-800典型机型为例,通过研究不同跑道结构强度、飞机滑跑速度、道面平整度下的飞机子系统和跑道子系统的动力响应,揭示影响飞机安全、舒适度和跑道结构安全的关键因素。结果表明:地基刚度衰减对跑道振动响应的影响程度较大,最大增幅可达56.13%;随着飞机滑跑速度增大,机轮轮下道面振动位移峰值先增大后减小,而机身和机轮振动加速度峰值均持续增大;由于起落架缓冲器的消散作用,跑道平整度变化对机身振动加速度的影响存在滞后效应。

To further clarify the interaction mechanisms and dynamic responses within the aircraft-runway system,a physical model of the dynamic interaction between the aircraft main landing gear and and rigid runway was developed firstly,and the aircraft tire and runway foundation were simulated as rigid roller model and Pasternak foundation model,respectively.Secondly,mathematical expressions of rigid roller model and Pasternak foundation model were derived based on the principle of displacement coordination,and a novel fast explicit integration algorithm was employed to solve the vibration response of both the aircraft landing gear and the runway structure.Finally,taking the B737-800 aircraft as a case study,the dynamic responses of the aircraft subsystem and runway subsystem were analyzed under different runway structural strengths,aircraft taxiing speeds and pavement roughness to reveal the key factors influencing aircraft safety,comfort degree and runway structure safety.The results indicated that the attenuation of the foundation stiffness has a great influence on the runway vibration response,with a maximum growth rate of 56.13%.As the aircraft taxiing speed increases,the vibration displacement peak of the lower pavement of the wheel initially rises and then falls,while the vibration acceleration peak of both the fuselage and wheels consistently increase.Due to the dissipation effect of the landing gear buffer,the influence of runway roughness on fuselage vibration acceleration has a lag effect.