数字经济时代的资本集中:一个政治经济学分析

Capital Concentration in the Digital Economy:A Political Economy Perspective

资本主义生产方式下,占主导的生产技术以及随之而来的生产组织方式的变革,会系统地改变生产关系,尤其是资本与资本之间的关系,从而使资本集中的方式表现出新的特点和趋势。20世纪末以来,数字技术的发展以及由此产生的平台型组织深刻影响了资本集中的方式。考察数字经济时代资本集中的新特征可以发现,此时产业资本和金融资本的集中方式均发生改变,资本之间的形式隶属让位于实质隶属,垄断资本的力量进一步加强。这导致资本主义生产—实现的对抗性矛盾进一步升级,虽然短期来看这一对抗性矛盾似乎得到修复,但长期中被进一步激化、广化和加深,最终生产过剩会沿着平台组织下的全球生产网络蔓延,使全球经济呈现出停滞的常态化趋势。我国在以数字经济推进高质量发展和构建新发展格局的过程中,要正确认识和把握资本的特性和行为规律,引导和规范其健康扩张和发展。

Under capitalism,the dominant production technologies and the resulting changes in organizational forms systematically alter production relations,especially inter-capital dynamics,leading to new features and trends in capital concentration.Since the late 2Oth century,the rise of digital technologies and platform-based organizations has significantly reshaped the ways capital is concentrated.By examining these new dynamics within the digital economy,we observe a shift in how industrial and financial capital accumulate,moving from formal subordination to substantive integration.The power of monopoly capital is further entrenched,exacerbating the inherent contradictions between capitalist production and realization.While these contradictions may appear mitigated in the short term,they are likely to intensify,expand,and deepen over time.Overproduction,driven by global production networks under platform organization,may lead to prolonged economic stagnation.In China's pursuit of high-quality development and the creation of a new development dynamic through the digital economy,it is crucial to understand and manage the characteristics and behaviors of capital,ensuring its expansion is guided and regulated appropriately.