植物迁地保护的跨地方性实践过程、机制与政策启示——以华南国家植物园为例

Processes,mechanisms,and policy implications of spatial practices of plant translocality:The case study of South China National Botanical Garden

流动性是近年来学术界关于物质转向思潮的重要领域。以华南国家植物园为研究对象,以跨地方性为理论工具,通过半结构化访谈、参与式观察以及文本收集等方法,探究植物迁地保护跨地方性实践的过程与机制,具体研究植物迁地保护的跨地方性实践如何通过人类和植物的互动实现,以及跨地方性实践如何塑造植物园的迁地保护运作体系。研究得出以下结论:(1)流动性实践是植物迁地保护的动力,其过程展演了生态保护话语、市场经济话语以及政治话语所构成的权力关系矩阵;(2)能动性作用是植物跨地方性实践的重要依据,植物基于其物候特征及其在不同空间中表现出环境适应特征,塑造灵活的植物照料体系,展演了植物园的植物—人—地互动关系;(3)连通性是植物跨地方性实践的本质特征,揭示了迁地保护的植物在构建社会关系和自然空间连通性中的潜在作用。研究从地理学的视角打开了植物作为一种有生命的非人类行动者的跨地方实践黑箱,在理论上补充与完善了跨地方性实践理论,在实践上为国家植物园迁地保护的空间实践提供了治理路径。

Mobility has been an important area of academic thinking about the material turn in recent years.This paper takes the South China National Botanical Garden(SCNBG)as the research object,uses translocality theory,and uses semi-structured interviews,participatory observation,and text collection to understand the translocality practice process of plant relocation and conservation in the SCNBG,specifically examining how translocality practices of plant relocation conservation are realized through the interactions between humans and plants,and how translocality practices shape the operational system of relocation conservation in botanical gardens.The study concludes that:(1)Mobility practice is the driving force of plant relocation conservation,and its process plays out the matrix of power relations formed by the discourse of ecological conservation,the discourse of market economy,and the discourse of politics.(2)The role of agency is an important basis for the translocality practice of plants.Plants are based on their climatic characteristics and environmental adaptations in different spaces,plants shape a flexible plant care system,and exhibit the Plant-Human-Place interaction in botanical gardens.(3)Connectivity is an essential feature of plant translocality practice,which reveals the potential roles of relocated and conserved plants in constructing the social relationship and the connectivity of the natural space.The study opens the black box of translocality practices of plants as a living non-human actor from a geographic perspective,theoretically complementing and refining the theory of translocality practices,and practically providing a governance pathway for the spatial practice of relocated conservation in national botanical gardens.