科学传播伦理的多维内涵与实践模式研究

Research on the Multidimensional Connotation and Practical Model of Science Communication Ethics

科学传播伦理失范现象屡屡出现,建设负责任、讲伦理的科学传播事业不仅要对其伦理内涵有深刻认知,更需进一步探究复杂情境中具有可操作性的实践模式。本研究结合案例分析了科学传播伦理与科技伦理、传播伦理和社会伦理的关联,阐述了平等原则、可用原则、时机原则等由科学传播自身特质决定的本征伦理,由此构建了以科技伦理、传播伦理、社会伦理等为第一重伦理组成,本征伦理为第二重核心构成的科学传播伦理多维内涵。为进一步加强复杂科学传播情境中的伦理实践指导,研究基于“融贯权衡”方法,吸纳功利主义“整体利益最大化”和义务论“底线伦理”核心理念,提炼出了讲伦理的科学传播实践模式,为我国科学传播提供了一个伦理分析“工具”。

Ethical misconduct in science communication has occurred time and again,and the construction of responsible and ethical high-quality science communication requires not only a deep understanding of the connotation of ethics in science communication but also the further exploration of operable practice modes in complex science communication situations.This study first analyzes the connection between the ethics of science communication and the ethics of science and technology,communication ethics and social ethics with the help of case studies,and then elaborates on the principle of equality,the principle of availability,the principle of timing and other intrinsic ethics embodied in the characteristics of science communication itself on the basis of previous studies,thus constructing a multi-dimensional connotation of ethics of science communication.To further enhance the guidance of ethical practice in complex science communication situations,this study is based on the method of"integration and trade-off",and incorporates the core concepts of utilitarianism"maximization of overall interests"and deontology"bottom-line ethics",and extracts an ethical model of science communication practice,which provides an ethical analytical"tool"for the practice of science communication in China.