不同燕麦品种(系)的抗倒伏性差异及其影响因素研究

Study on Lodging Resistance Difference and Its Influencing Factors of Different Oat Varieties(Lines)

倒伏是限制燕麦高产优质的重要因素,探究不同燕麦材料的抗倒伏特性以及影响因素对燕麦生产实践以及抗倒伏新品种选育至关重要。本研究以10份燕麦材料(引进品种贝勒2、黑玫克、哈维以及育成品系YM150、YM390、YM410、YM440、YM470、YM490、YM500)为研究对象,进行穗部、茎部、根系等形态指标测定,结合相关性分析和主成分分析筛选与抗倒伏密切相关的形态指标,并构建结构方程模型,综合评价其抗倒伏性。结果表明,贝勒2、黑玫克、YM390、YM410、YM440、YM470、YM490的田间表观倒伏率显著低于哈维、YM150、YM500;茎秆基部第一、第二节间的茎粗、壁厚、抗折力和穿刺强度以及穗下节间长、根体积与倒伏率密切相关,是影响燕麦抗倒伏性的重要性状;结构方程模型表明,基部第一节间的茎粗、抗穿刺强度、茎秆充实度以及根表面积对燕麦倒伏具有直接负效应,重心高度对燕麦倒伏具有直接正效应,这5个指标可作为燕麦抗倒伏性形态评价指标。隶属函数综合评价表明,YM390、YM410、YM440、YM470、黑玫克、YM490的抗倒伏能力较强。

Lodging is a significant factor limiting the high yield and quality of oats.It is very important to explore the lodging resistance characteristics and the influencing factors of different oat varieties for oat production and the breeding of new varieties with lodging-resistance.In this study,10 oat materials(intro⁃duced varieties Beile 2,Heimeike,Harvey,and bred lines YM150,YM390,YM410,YM440,YM470,YM490,YM500)were used as research subjects to measure morphological indicators such as spikes,stems,and roots.The morphological indexes closely related to lodging resistance were screened by correla⁃tion analysis and principal component analysis,and the structural equation model was constructed to evalu⁃ate their lodging resistance comprehensively.The results indicated that the apparent lodging rates of Beile 2,Heimeike,YM390,YM410,YM440,YM470,and YM490 were significantly lower than those of Har⁃vey,YM150,and YM500.The stem diameter,wall thickness,flexural strength,and puncture resistance of the first and second internodes at the base of the stem,internode length below spike,and root volume were closely related to lodging rate,and were important traits affecting oat lodging resistance.The structural equation model showed that the stem diameter,puncture resistance,stem plumpness of the first internode at the base of the stem and root surface area had a direct negative effect on oat lodging,while the height of the center of grav⁃ity had a direct positive effect on oat lodging.These five indicators could be used as morphological evaluation indicators for oat lodging resistance in the field.The comprehensive evaluation of membership functions indicated that YM390,YM410,YM440,YM470,Heimeike and YM490 had strong lodging resistance.