高能束流焊接接头组织性能研究现状

Review on microstructure and properties of joints welded by using high-energy beam

高能束流焊接凭借能量集中、焊接变形小、效率高等特点在航空航天、轨道交通等先进制造领域具有重要地位。目前,高能束流焊接技术能够实现高温合金、钛合金、高熵合金、铝合金等同质/异质材料的高质量连接。根据携带能量的粒子不同,高能束流可分为激光束、电子束和等离子束。以激光焊和电子束焊为典型代表,基于现有研究简述了2种焊接技术的发展历程和工作原理,重点讨论了同质或异质材料连接,包括接头组织与性能特征以及焊后热处理的影响等相关研究工作。

Due to the advantages of small deformation,high energy density and welding efficiency,the high-energy beam welding technology has played an important role in aerospace,rail transportation and other advanced manufacturing fields.The existing study shows that the high-energy beam welding could realize high-quality joining of similar/dissimilar materials,such as superalloy,titanium alloy,high-entropy alloy,aluminum alloy and others.The development and physical process of two representative technologies,electron beam welding and laser welding,are briefly introduced.The study on the microstructure feature and mechanical property as well as the effect of the post-weld heat treatment for the two processes are mainly discussed.