基于蠕动泵的固态降水传感器现场核查仪设计

DOI:10.14022/j.issn1674-6236.2024.22.016 Design of on⁃site verification instrument for solid state precipitation sensor based on peristaltic pump

针对目前气象观测台站固态降水传感器现场核查测试还没有相关成熟仪器及标准规范的现状,研制了一种使用蠕动泵作为核心注水部件,使用STM32芯片作为核心处理器的核查仪器,通过向固态降水传感器定速注入定量水量的方法实现了固态降水传感器的现场核查。仪器由基于ZigBee的核查仪主机和数据读取装置组成,可通过有线或无线方式,以RS232、RS485及通断信号三种形式获取被核查仪器的观测数据并进行误差计算和显示,且安装于主机上的降水模拟器能够使被核查仪器准确识别加入其中的水量。经实验测试发现,核查仪注水流量换算为雨强值可覆盖1~4 mm/min区间,流量与转速拟合曲线的拟合优度R^(2)为0.9969;单次注水量换算为降水量其值大于10 mm,注水量的最大误差小于1 g,换算为降水量其值小于0.032 mm,表明核查仪性能符合设计要求,能够应用于固态降水传感器现场核查业务。

In response to the current situation that there are no mature instruments and standard specifications for on⁃site verification and testing of Solid state precipitation sensors in meteorological observation stations,a verification instrument using a peristaltic pump as the core water injection component and STM32 chip as the core processor has been developed.The on⁃site verification of Solid state precipitation sensors has been achieved by injecting a fixed amount of water into the Solid state precipitation sensor at a fixed speed.The instrument consists of a ZigBee based verification instrument host and a data reading device.It can obtain the observation data of the verified instrument in three forms:RS232,RS485,and on/off signals through wired or wireless means,and perform error calculation and display.The precipitation simulator installed on the host can enable the verified instrument to accurately identify the amount of water added to it.Through experimental testing,it was found that the water injection flow rate of the verification instrument be converted into the rain intensity value can cover the range of 1 mm/min to 4 mm/min,and the goodness of fit of the flow rate and speed fitting curve is R^(2)0.9969;The conversion of a single water injection volume to a precipitation value greater than 10 mm,the maximum error of the water injection volume is less than 1 g,and the conversion to a precipitation value less than 0.032 mm;It indicates that the performance of the verification instrument meets the design requirements and can be applied to the on⁃site verification business of Solid state precipitation sensors.