北柴胡与不同作物套种的生态种植模式比较研究

Study on Ecological Planting Patterns of Bupleurum chinenseInterplanting with Different Crops

目的:比较不同种植模式下北柴胡产量、质量及综合效益的差异,为北柴胡的生态种植推广应用提供科学依据。方法:通过UHPLC方法测定北柴胡的柴胡皂苷含量,通过随机样方统计测定北柴胡产量,采用SPSS统计软件对北柴胡-玉米套种、北柴胡-高粱套种等套种模式下北柴胡药材的成苗数、产量、柴胡皂苷含量进行统计分析。结果:北柴胡-玉米套种模式下,出苗期遮阴率为78%,柴胡皂苷a+d的含量为0.62%,产量较单种北柴胡提升15.91%,每667 m^(2)增收3823.2元,且药材品相优良,分支较少;北柴胡-高粱套种模式下,出苗期遮阴率为87.36%,柴胡皂苷a+d的含量为0.62%,产量较单种北柴胡相差1.89%,每667 m^(2)增收1765元。结论:玉米-北柴胡套种模式更具优势,实施方法是条播北柴胡,行距30 cm,播种量每667 m^(2)播种北柴胡种子2.5 kg,每隔2行北柴胡种植1行玉米。

Objective:This study compares the yield,quality,and overall benefits of Bupleurum chinense under various planting patterns to provide a scientific foundation for the promotion and application of ecological planting pattern.Methods:The content of B.chinense was quantified by UHPLC,while the yield was assessed through random quadrat statistics.Additionally,the statistical analysis of seedling count,yield,and content under intercropping systems involving B.chinense with corn and sorghum was conducted using SPSS software.Results:In the intercropping pattern of B.chinense‑corn,the shading rate at the seedling emergence stage was 78%,the content of saikosaponin a+d was 0.62%,the yield increased by 15.91%compared to the monoculture of B.chinense,and the income increased by 3823.2 yuan per 667 m^(2).Moreover,the medicinal materials had good appearance and fewer branches.In the intercropping pattern of B.chinense‑sorghum,the shading rate at the seedling emergence stage was 87.36%,the content of saikosaponin a+d was 0.62%,the yield differed by 1.89%compared to the monoculture of B.chinense,and the income increased by 1765 yuan per 667 m^(2).Conclusion:The interplanting mode of corn-B.chinense was more advantageous.The implementation method was to drill-sow B.chinense with a row spacing of 30 cm.The sowing amount is 2.5 kg of B.chinense seeds per 667 m^(2),and plant one row of corn every two rows of B.chinense.