迪庆州龙胆科高山花卉植物多样性

Diversity of Alpine Flowering Plants of Gentianaceae in Diqing Prefecture

目的:研究迪庆藏族自治州龙胆科(Gentianaceae)高山花卉的多样性,了解其分布特征、物种构成及其适应高山环境的特征。方法:通过查阅文献、访问中国数字植物标本馆(CVH),结合野外调查与分类鉴定,统计迪庆州龙胆科高山花卉的物种构成、花期、花色、生活型及特有性。结果:迪庆州龙胆科高山花卉植物总计111种,具有显著的温带性质;特有种丰富,中国特有种66种,占比59.46%;横断山南段特有种42种,占比37.84%;一年生生活型占比最高,达50.45%;花色以蓝紫色系为主,占比79.28%;花期主要集中在中花期(6~8月)。结论:迪庆州龙胆科高山花卉具有较高的特有性和多样性,未来应结合野外调查、科普宣传以及引种驯化等多方面措施,促进龙胆科高山花卉资源的全面保护与合理利用。

Objective:To investigate the diversity of alpine flowers belonging to the Gentianaceae family in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and to comprehend their distribution,species composition,and adaptation to alpine environments.Methods:Species composition,flowering periods,flower colors,life forms,and endemism of Gentianaceae alpine flowers in Diqing were recorded by a review of literature,access to data from the Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH),conduct of field surveys and taxonomic identification.Results:A total of 111 species of Gentianaceae alpine flowers in Diqing were identified,exhibiting significant temperate characteristics.Among these,Chinese endemic species accounted for 66 species(59.46%),and 42 species(37.84%)were endemic to the southern Hengduan Mountains.The annual life form was the most prevalent,accounting for 50.45%of the total.Flowers were predominantly blue-purple,comprising 79.28%of the species,and the main flowering period was from June to August.Conclusion:The alpine flowers of the Gentianaceae family in Diqing exhibited high endemism and diversity.Future efforts should integrate field surveys,public education,introduction and domestication of these species to promote comprehensive protection and rational utilization of Gentianaceae alpine flower resources.