2021-2022年青岛市主城区老年人伤害流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of injuries among the elderly in the main urban area of Qingdao city from 2021 to 2022

目的 分析青岛市主城区(市北区、李沧区)≥60岁老年人伤害监测病例的流行病学特征,为制定老年人伤害预防与干预策略提供依据。方法 选择全国伤害监测系统中2021-2022年青岛市市北区、李沧区哨点医院所有门诊、急诊中60岁及以上老年伤害病例,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2021-2022年青岛市市北区、李沧区共监测伤害病例61150例,其中男性36 024例(58.91%)、女性25 126例(41.09%)。≥60岁老年人伤害共10 462例,占总伤害监测病例17.11%,其中男性老年人4544例(43.43%),女性5 918例(56.57%);伤害发生原因中,跌倒/坠落占比最高(58.38%)。青岛市两地区均为跌倒/坠落最多,两地区不同伤害发生原因所占比例比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=638.76,P<0.01)。伤害地点主要在家中(65.02%),青岛市两地区不同伤害地点所占比例比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=481.89,P<0.01)。伤害发生活动主要是休闲活动(32.59%)。伤害性质主要为骨折、挫伤、擦伤、锐器伤、咬伤、开放伤。青岛市市北区老年女性病例较多(60.41%),青岛市李沧区老年男性患者较多(56.19%)。结论 青岛市主城区老年人伤害以跌倒/坠落伤为主,主要发生在家中,伤害性质以骨折居多。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injury surveillance cases among individuals aged≥60 years old in the main urban areas of Qingdao city(Shibei district and Licang district),so as to provide evidence for the development of injury prevention and intervention strategies for the population.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on all injury cases among individuals aged 60 and above,sourced from outpatients and emergency departments of sentinel hospitals in Shibei district and Licang district of Qingdao city from 2021 to 2022,using data from the national injury surveillance system.Results A total of 61150 injury cases were monitored in Shibei district and Licang district of Qingdao city from 2021 to 2022,of which 36024(58.91%)were males and 25126(41.09%)were females.There were 10462 cases of injury among individuals aged≥60 years,accounting for 17.11%of the total injury cases,of which 4544 cases(43.43%)were male and 5918 cases(56.57%)were female.Falls/drops were the leading cause of injury(58.38%),with the highest proportion observed in both districts.The difference between the two districts was statistically significant(χ^(2)=638.76,P<0.01).Most injuries occurred at home(65.02%).There was a significant difference in the proportion of different injury sites between the 2 districts(χ^(2)=481.89,P<0.01).Injuries primarily occurred during leisure activities(32.59%),resulting in fractures(33.08%),contusions and abrasions(22.91%),and sharp instrument injuries,bite injuries,and open injuries(18.01%).Shibei district had a higher proportion of elderly female patients(60.41%),while Licang district had a higher proportion of elderly male patients(56.19%).Conclusion In the main urban area of Qingdao city,injuries among the elderly are mainly caused by falls/drops,with most occurrences happening at home,and fractures being the predominant type of injury.