基于高通量测序的红枫湖入湖口湖岸缓冲带微生物学特征分析

Analysis of microbiological characteristics of the buffer zone at the inlet of Hongfeng Lake based on high-throughput sequencing

本文选取贵阳市重要饮用水源地——红枫湖为研究对象,在不同生境下的4条主要支流入湖口缓冲带处布点采集土壤样品,采用HiSeq测序对土壤细菌16S rRNA V4区和真菌ITS1区进行测序,并结合土壤环境因子,对微生物群落组成特征与多样性进行分析,以期为恢复红枫湖湖岸缓冲带植被生态提供参考和依据。结果显示,4个缓冲带中共发现细菌种类有53个门、813属;真菌种类有6个门、406属,各缓冲带在门水平上的组成相似,共同的优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、蓝菌门(Cyanbacteria)等,优势真菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)。在细菌属水平上,麦翁河缓冲带土壤中的硝化与反硝化细菌含量(7.13%)高于其余三个缓冲带。4个入湖口缓冲带中土壤细菌的多样性指数排序为:HL>MX>MW>YC;真菌的多样性指数:YC>MX>HL>MW。相关分析结果显示细菌多样性指数与全氮呈显著正相关(n=12,r=0.567,p<0.05),真菌群落多样性指数与全盐量呈显著正相关(n=12,r=0.622,p<0.05)。因此,不同的植物组成对湖岸缓冲带土壤微生物的组成和多样性产生影响,同时人类垦殖活动也起着不可忽视的作用。

In this study,Hongfeng Lake was selected as the research object.It is an important drinking water source in Guiyang,and soil samples of 4 main branches flowing into the buffer zone of the lake mouth under different ecological environments were collected.HiSeq sequencing was used to sequence the 16S rRNA V4 region of soil bacteria and the ITS1 region of fungi,combined with soil environmental factors.The composition characteristics and diversity of microbial community were analyzed in order to provide reference and basis for restoring vegetation ecology in the buffer zone of Hongfeng Lake.The results showed that there were 53 phyla and 813 genera of bacteria in the four buffer zones.There are 6 phyla and 406 genera in the species,and the composition of each buffer zone is similar at the phyla level.The common dominant bacterial phyla are Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Cyanobacteria,etc.The dominant fungal phyla are Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota.At the bacterial genus level,the content of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria(7.13%)in the soil of Maiweng River buffer zone was higher than that of other three buffer zones.The diversity index of soil bacteria in the four buffer zones was HL>MX>MW>YC.The diversity index of fungi was YC>MX>HL>MW.The results of correlation analysis showed that bacterial diversity index was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen(n=12,r=0.567,p<0.05),and fungal community diversity index was significantly positively correlated with total salt content(n=12,r=0.622,p<0.05).Therefore,different plant composition has an impact on the composition and diversity of soil microorganisms in the buffer zone of lake shore,and human reclamation activities also play an important role.