针刺调控不同信号通路改善抑郁症的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of acupuncture on depression based on signaling pathway regulation

抑郁症患病率高、复发率高、致残率高,针刺治疗该病疗效确切。本文从针刺调控丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、Notch、腺苷酸环化酶(AC)/环磷腺苷(cAMP)/蛋白激酶(PKA)、一氧化氮(NO)/环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)5个信号通路的角度,对各信号通路的成分、与抑郁症发病的关系及针刺治疗抑郁症的相关研究展开详细的综述。从针刺调控信号通路来看,针刺可以上调AC/cAMP/PKA、细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)等信号通路,促进神经营养因子或Bcl-2表达,预防和修复神经元损伤、促进神经发生、改善突触可塑性;调控Wnt/β-catenin和Notch相关信号通路保护神经元、促进细胞增殖;下调JNK、上调NO/cGMP等信号通路,分别抑制应激导致神经元的异常凋亡,减轻神经毒性和神经元损伤,从而达到抗抑郁的作用。为探索针刺调控相关信号通路治疗抑郁症的机制研究提供新思路。

Depression is high in prevalence rate,recurrence rate and disability rate.Acupuncture is effective on depression.The paper reviewed the regulatory effect of acupuncture on five prominent signaling pathways,i.e.mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK),Wnt/β-catenin,Notch,adenyl ate cyclase/cyclic adenosine phosphate/protein kinase(AC/cAMP/PKA)and NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP);and elaborated the structure of each signaling pathway,the association with depression onset,and the relevant research progress of acupuncture in treatment of depression.In view of the regulation of signal pathways,acupuncture can up-regulate AC/cAMP/PKA and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),promote the expression of neurotrophic factors or Bcl-2,prevent from and repair neuronal damage,advance neurogenesis and improve synaptic plasticity;it can modulate the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signal pathways to protect neurons and increase cell proliferation;and down-regulate JNK and up-regulate NO/cGMP signal pathways to inhibit stress that leads to abnormal apoptosis of neurosis and attenuate neurotoxicity and neuronal damage so that anti-depression of acupuncture is obtained.This review provides a new approach to the mechanism research of acupuncture in treatment of depression through regulating the relevant single pathways.