红麻四倍体的诱导方法比较与鉴定

Comparison and Identification of Tetraploid Induction Methods of Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

为获取四倍体红麻植株,研究以二倍体红麻(2n=2x=36)为试验材料,采用不同浓度的秋水仙素对红麻种子及幼苗生长点进行处理,并通过气孔鉴定、流式细胞术和染色体计数法对变异株进行观察及鉴定。结果表明:浸渍法的秋水仙素浓度为0.2%,处理24h,变异率为53.85%,成活率25.49%,诱导效果较佳;棉球覆盖法的秋水仙素浓度为0.4%,处理5d,变异率为15%,其诱导效果低于浸渍法。该研究创制了红麻新种质,为红麻多倍体育种的选育工作提供了参考。

This study aimed to obtain tetraploid Hibiscus cannabinus L.(4n=4x=72)plants by treating diploid Hibiscus cannabinus L.(2n=2x=36)seeds and seedling apical meristems with different concentrations of colchicine.Variations were observed and identified through stomatal examination,flow cytometry,and chromosome counting.Results indicated that the immersion method with 0.2%colchicine concentration for 24 hours exhibited superior induction efficacy,with a variation rate of 53.85%and a survival rate of 25.49%.Conversely,the cotton ball covering method with 0.4%colchicine concentration for 5 days yielded a lower induction efficacy with a variation rate of 15%.This study has successfully developed novel germplasm of kenaf,providing valuable references for the breeding of kenaf polyploids.