垄上间作不同密度朝天椒对甘薯产量影响和效益分析

Effect of Different Intercropping Densities of Pod Pepper on Sweet Potato Yield and Benefit Analysis in Ridge Cultivation

为充分利用甘薯田块的光热资源,进一步提高单位面积产量和效益,摸索朝天椒“优美红山”与甘薯“商薯19”间作的最优栽培密度组合,以“商薯19”为主栽作物,设置5个“优美红山”间作密度处理(CK:0株/667 m^(2),T1:1038株/667 m^(2),T2:1557株/667 m^(2),T3:2076株/667 m^(2),T4:3114株/667 m^(2),其中T1、T2单穴单株,T3、T4单穴双株)。结果显示随着“优美红山”密度增加,甘薯总产量和单株产量、朝天椒青椒单株产量持续减少;朝天椒红椒单株产量先减少后增加;朝天椒红椒、青椒总产量和综合净收益呈现先增加后减少再增加的趋势。T1甘薯总产量、甘薯和朝天椒单株产量在T1~T4中为最高,T4朝天椒产量和净收入最高。与CK相比,T4增收887.99元/667 m^(2),T1增收510.19元/667 m^(2)。T1充分挖掘了“商薯19”和“优美红山”的产量潜力,说明“优美红山”在与甘薯间作时更适合单穴单株栽培,这可能与“优美红山”较强的分支结实特性有关。而从效益角度考虑,T4为最优间作组合。

To fully utilize light and heat resources in sweet potato fields,improve the yield and benefit per unit area,and explore the optimal planting density combination for intercropping of pod pepper‘Youmeihongshan’and sweet potato‘Shangshu 19’,‘Shangshu 19’was used as the main crop.Five densities of Youmeihongshan were set up:CK(0 plants/667 m^(2)),T1(1,038 plants/667 m^(2)),T2(1,557 plants/667 m^(2)),T3(2,076 plants/667 m^(2)),and T4(3,114 plants/667 m^(2)).Among these,T1 represented single plants in single holes,and T2 represented double plants in single holes for intercropping.The results showed that as the density of‘Youmeihongshan’increased,the total yield,single plant yield of sweet potato,the single plant yield of green pod pepper decreased.Conversely,the single plant yield of green pod pepper initially decreased and then increased.The total yield of both red,green pod pepper,and the comprehensive income showed a trend of increase,followed by a decrease,and then an increase again.Among T1 to T4,the total yield of sweet potato and the single plant yield of pod pepper were maximized in T1,while the total yield of pod pepper and net income were maximized in T4.The net income increased by 887.99 yuan/667 m^(2)in T4 and 510.19 yuan/667 m^(2)in T1 compared to CK.T1 can fully develop the yield potential of‘Shangshu 19’,suggesting that the‘single plant in single hole’model is more suitable for intercropping,Youmeihongshan,with sweet potato,possibly due to the stronger branch-fruiting ability of‘Youmeihongshan’.However,from the perspective of benefits,T4 provides the optimal planting density combination.