重视家庭,讲究孝悌——儒回会通之基点

Care for Family,Filial Piety and Brotherly Obedience:Share Focus of Confucianism and the Hui

儒家文化的基本特点是重视家庭,讲究孝悌。重视家庭具体落实在父子、夫妇、兄弟三重家庭伦理上,而讲究孝悌是落实家庭伦理的基本途径,目的是实现家庭和谐。伊斯兰教也重视家庭,讲究孝悌,这在《古兰经》和《圣训》中随处可见。比较而言,伊斯兰教是以天道(宗教)为本,人道为辅,与儒家人道(人文)为本侧重点不同,但相同的则都是在天人合一的构架中讨论和构建家庭伦理和孝悌之道。明末清初“以儒诠回”的伊斯兰教学者根据《古兰经》和《圣训》,结合儒家“三纲五常”的伦理道德观念并进行会通、吸收、融汇了儒家伦理的思想内涵,并以此为基点,推动了伊斯兰教的中国化。在中国信仰伊斯兰教的十个少数民族中,回族与中华民族的交流融汇最多最深,中国化的成就最大,是伊斯兰教中国化的典范,由此形成了回族独具特色的文化传统,是伊斯兰教中国化的正道。

The basic characteristics of Confucian culture are the emphasis on family and filial piety.Confucian ethics on caring for the family are realized in three familiar relations:father and son,husband and wife,and brothers.The focus on filial piety and brotherhood is the basic way to realize familiar ethics,to achieve family harmony.Islam also cares for family and strongly emphasises filial piety and brotherhood,which can be seen everywhere in the Quran and Hadith.Comparatively speaking,Islam is based on the“way of heaven”(religion)and assisted by humanity.It has a different focus from the focus of“way of human”(humanity)in Confucianism.But they both discuss and construct family ethics within the unity of nature and man.and the principle of filial piety and brotherhood.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,Islamic scholars who“interpreted Confucianism”based on the Quran and Hadith,combined with the Confucian ethics of“Three Cardinal Guidelines and Five Constant Virtues”,understood,absorbed,and integrated the philosophical insights of Confucian ethics.This approach,therefore,advanced the Sinicization in China.Among the ten ethnic minorities in China who believe in Islam,the Hui people have the most profound exchanges and integration with the Chinese nation and have made the most significant achievements in Sinicization.They are a model of the Sinicization of Islam.This has formed the unique cultural tradition of the Hui people and is the right path to the Sinicization of Islam.