安钢电炉改造复产技术特点及其实践

Technical characteristics and practice of Angang′s electric furnace transformation and resumption of production

电炉短流程炼钢以其绿色低碳、生态环保、节能低耗等优点,成为当前中国钢铁工业实现“碳达峰”、“碳中和”发展战略的重要途径。自2017年以来,中国废钢资源进入良性循环阶段,同时高炉-转炉长流程炼钢工艺的环保排放压力与日俱增,因此,优化以废钢为主原料的电炉短流程炼钢技术十分必要。在此背景下,安钢对已停产多年的100 t手指阀竖井式电炉进行复产改造。介绍了安钢100 t电炉改造复产技术特点及其生产实践,同时结合工程实践阐述了目前国内电炉炼钢技术发展的新成就和新趋势。经改造,安钢100 t电炉由传统的竖式手指托架电弧炉改为了常规交流偏心底出钢电弧炉,采用了单臂炉盖及电极升降旋转技术、机器人测温取样技术、出钢侧连续兑铁技术、多功能氢氧炉壁枪+底吹的复合吹炼技术、自动灌砂技术、高效烟气余热回收技术、具有成本优化的二级系统、先进的一级电控技术、炉下抱罐车出渣、四孔+狗窝+全密闭的绿色环保除尘技术,在50%废钢+50%铁水原料条件下取得了良好的技术指标,平均冶炼周期为32 min,电耗为178.46 kW·h/t,电极消耗为0.866 kg/t,氧耗为34.82 m^(3)/t,焦炉煤气消耗为8.16 m^(3)/t,回收蒸汽为150 kg/t,与现有水平加料电炉及生态电炉相比,改造后电炉通过优化流程组织能力,可在冶炼周期及吨钢电耗等关键生产指标方面达到新炉型电炉的生产水平。

Electric furnace short process steelmaking with its green low-carbon,ecological environmental protection,energy saving and low consumption and other advantages,has become an important way to achieve the"carbon peak","carbon neutral"development strategy in China′s iron and steel industry.Since 2017,China′s scrap steel resources have entered a virtuous cycle stage,and at the same time,the environmental protection discharge pressure of BF-converter long process steelmaking process is increasing day by day,so it is necessary to optimize the shortprocess steel making technology of electric furnace with scrap as the main raw material.Angang has resumed production of 100 t finger valve shaft electric furnace that has been out of production for many years.The article introduces the technical features and production practices of the 100 t electric furnace resumption and transformation at Angang,and discusses the new achievements and trends in domestic electric furnace steelmaking technology through engineering practices.After renovation,the 100 t electric furnace of Angang has been changed from a traditional vertical finger bracket arc furnace to eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace.Adopting single arm furnace cover and electrode lifting and rotation technology,robot temperature measurement and sampling technology,continuous iron blending technology on the tapping side,multifunctional hydrogen oxygen furnace wall gun+bottom blowing com‐posite blowing technology,automatic sand filling technology,efficient flue gas waste heat recovery technology,a secondary system with cost optimization,advanced primary electrical control technology,slag discharge from the furnace bottom holding tank truck,four hole+dog house+fully enclosed green and environmentally friendly dust removal technology.Under the conditions of 50%scrap steel and 50%molten iron raw materials,the team achieved good technical indicators.The average smelting cycle was 32 minutes,electricity consumption was 178.46 kW·h/t,electrode consumption was 0.866 kg/t,oxygen consumption was 34.82 m^(3)/t,coke oven gas consumption was 8.16 m^(3)/t,and steam recovery was 150 kg/t.The refurbished electric furnace,compared to the existing new furnace type electric furnace Consteel and ECOARC,the production level of the new type electric furnace can be reached in the key production indexes such as smelting cycle and power consumption per ton of steel by optimizing the process organization ability.