泾河流域西周墓葬特征所见的多元文化因素

The Diverse Cultural Factors Seen in Western ZhouDynasty Tombs in Jinghe River Basin

泾河流域作为周人的西土地区,人群变动频繁,文化因素交织,墓葬所反映这一地区的人群主要由周系、商系、土著系和北方草原系族群构成。泾河流域与西周王朝盛衰可能存在密切联系。西周早期,周王室派遣殷遗民去戍守该地区;西周中、晚期,周王朝与西北戎狄的频繁战争导致周戎关系逐步恶化,周王室对西北地区的控制也不断被削弱,最终导致了西周的灭亡。在对泾河流域多元人群构成进行分析的基础上,重新思考文化因素分析与族属研究方法之间的联系,认为应在分区的基础上,探索古人的分类标准,即总结出不同人群的族属代码,并加强考古背景的分析。

The Jinghe River Basin,as the western area of Western Zhou,has frequent population changes and interwoven cultural factors.From the characteristics of tombs,it can be seen that the main factors include Zhou culture,Shang culture,local indigenous culture and northern grassland culture.The Jinghe River Basin may have been closely related to the rise and fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty.In the early Western Zhou Dynasty,the Western Zhou government may have moved a large number of Yin descendants to this area.In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty,due to the frequent wars between the Zhou Dynasty and the enemies in the northwest,the relationship gradually deteriorated,and the Zhou government’s control over the northwest was also weakened,which eventually led to the fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty.Based on the analysis of the composition of diverse populations in the Jinghe River Basin,this paper reconsiders the relationship between the analysis of cultural factors and the methods of clan research,and concludes that the classification criteria of ancient people should be explored on the basis of zoning,that is,clan codes of different populations should be summarized,and the analysis of archaeological context should be strengthened.