海南省结球甘蓝的引种与腋芽苗生根诱导筛选

Introduction of Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.)Variety and Screening of Root Inducing by Axillary Shoots in Hainan

结球甘蓝是中国重要的叶类蔬菜之一,为补充丰富海南叶类蔬菜品种资源,满足消费者以及市场对优质、高产品种的需求,本研究引种种植了10个结球甘蓝品种,在各品种农艺性状、结球性状、产量性状与抗病性状等评价的基础上,进一步探索腋芽苗生根诱导与开花诱导方法,为建立海南省自给的结球甘蓝繁育种体系打好基础。经综合评价,‘中甘602’、‘中甘606’、‘中甘608’、‘中甘828’与‘21C12’这5个结球甘蓝品种/组合的综合性状、商品性较好,较抗裂球,适宜作为海南结球甘蓝繁育种的基础育种材料,也可择区域先行推广种植。不同结球甘蓝品种的腋芽苗诱导生根表现差异明显,同一结球甘蓝品种不同株系诱导生根表现也有差异,表明腋芽苗诱导生根性状尚未经过育种选择,充分筛选利用腋芽苗诱导生根性状好的品系,再结合室内光温诱导开花或就近利用广西北部桂林市的山区低温条件诱导开花,即可初步建立海南省结球甘蓝的繁育种体系,为未来适应南方生态气候的结球甘蓝新品种选育创造条件。

Cabbage(Brassica oleracea)is one of the crucial leafy vegetables in China.To enrich the variety resources of leafy vegetables in Hainan and meet the demands of consumers and the market for high-quality and high-yield varieties,this study introduced and evaluated ten cabbage varieties.The evaluation covered agronomic traits,ball-forming traits,yield traits,and disease resistance.Additionally,the study explored methods for root and flowering induction of axillary bud seedlings.The goal was to establish a self-sustaining cabbage breeding system in Hainan Province.The comprehensive evaluation revealed that'Zhonggan602','Zhonggan606','Zhonggan608','Zhonggan828'and'21C12'had better overall characters and commercial with good resistance to ball splitting.These varieties are suitable for basic breeding materials of cabbage breeding in Hainan Province,and can also be popularized in selected regions.The study found significant differences in rooting performance of axillary bud seedlings among different varieties of B.oleracea and among different strains of the same variety,indicating that axillary sprout inducing rooting traits had not been selected by breeding.By thoroughly screening strains with good rooting characteristics from axillary bud seedlings and combining this with indoor light-temperature-induced flowering or utilizing the low temperatures in the northern mountainous area of Guilin City,Guangxi Province,a preliminary cabbage breeding system for Hainan Province could be established.This would create conditions for the future development of new cabbage varieties adapted to the southern ecological climate.