有机肥和微生物菌剂配施对‘赤霞珠’葡萄根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响

Effect of Organic fertilizer and Microbial Agent Formulation on Inter-root Soil Bacterial Community Diversity in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’Grapes

为了研究有机肥与微生物菌剂配施对‘赤霞珠’葡萄根际土壤性质及细菌群落的影响,并提出高效可行的有机肥配施模式。以7 a生‘赤霞珠’葡萄为研究对象进行田间试验,设置7个施肥处理:CK(传统施肥)、A1(蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+100倍光合细菌菌剂)、A2(蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+200倍光合细菌菌剂)、A3(蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+300倍光合细菌菌剂)、B1(蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+100倍光合细菌菌剂)、B2(蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+200倍光合细菌菌剂)、B3(蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+300倍光合细菌菌剂)。结果表明:与CK处理比较,B2处理显著降低土壤pH,提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、全氮含量。A2处理显著提高Chao187.60%,且其OTU数量最多,说明A2处理可显著提高根际细菌群落丰富度。与CK比较,B2处理改变根际土壤细菌群落结构,显著增加变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度,降低厚壁菌门的相对丰度。与施用未腐熟枝条A2比较,施用腐熟枝条B2处理显著增加拟杆菌门的相对丰度。相关分析结果表明,土壤中速效钾、碱解氮、全氮、有机质的含量与细菌群落优势菌群存在显著正相关关系。因此,B2处理为最佳施肥配比方案,其次为A2处理。

To investigate the effects of organic fertilizers and microbial inoculants on the rhizosphere soil properties and bacterial communities of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapes,and to propose an efficient and practical model for the application of organic fertilizers,a field experiment was conducted with seven-year-old‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapes.The experiment included seven treatments:CK(traditional fertilization),A1(vermicompost+undecayed branches+100×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants),A2(vermicompost+undecayed branches+200×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants),A3(vermicompost+undecayed branches+300×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants),B1(vermicompost+decayed branches+100×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants),B2(vermicompost+decayed branches+200×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants),and B3(vermicompost+decayed branches+300×photosynthetic bacterial inoculants).Compared with CK treatment,B2 treatment significantly decreased soil pH and increased soil organic matter,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,available potassium and total nitrogen contents.A2 treatment significantly increased Chao1 for 87.60%and had the highest number of OTUs,indicating that A2 treatment significantly increased the richness of rhizosphere bacterial community.Compared with CK,B2 treatment altered the rhizosphere soil bacterial community,and significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidota,and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes.Compared with A2 treatment,B2 treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between available potassium,alkaline-dissolved nitrogen,total nitrogen,organic matter and the dominant bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil.Therefore,the B2 treatment is the optimal fertilization,followed by the A2 treatment.