基于专利分析的全球热泵技术发展态势与前景展望

Global Development Trends and Future Prospects of Heat Pump Technology Based on Patent Analysis

[目的/意义]热泵技术作为绿色低碳的热能供应方案,是供热领域替代化石能源、实现碳中和的必然路径。该研究旨在为未来热泵的市场部署和政策制定提供决策支持。[方法/过程]该文调研和梳理了主要国家和地区促进热泵技术发展的战略规划,基于Incopat平台,运用专利分析方法分析了近50年国际热泵技术的发展态势。[结果/结论](1)中、美、欧、日、韩等主要国家和地区相继制定发展规划、路线图、财政激励以及相关扶持政策促进热泵市场化应用;(2)全球热泵技术专利数量呈现快速增长趋势,在政策推动和资金扶持下,我国专利数量占总量的比例高达74.59%,是全球热泵技术主要增长力量。随着全球能源转型和热泵需求增加,未来热泵技术将会迎来新一轮的增长;(3)以低位热源为特征的热泵技术专利占较大比例,研究热点主要集中在空气源热泵及零部件、吸收式热泵和水源热泵等领域。最后对我国热泵技术的发展提出建议。

[Objective/Significance]As a green and low-carbon thermal energy supply solution,heat pump technology represented an essential pathway for replacing fossil fuels and achieving carbon neutrality in the heating sector.This study aimed to provide decision-making support for future market deployment and policy formulation of heat pumps.[Method/Process]The paper reviewed and organized the strategic plans of heat pump technology in major countries and regions,and examined the international development trends of heat pump technology over the past 50 years.[Results/Conclusions](1)Major countries and regions such as China,the United States,Europe,Japan,and South Korea have successively formulated development plans,roadmaps,financial incentives,and related support policies to promote the market application of heat pumps.(2)The number of global heat pump technology patents has shown a rapid growth trend.China has become the main growth force of global heat pump technology with policy promotion and financial support.Under the background of global energy transition and increasing demand for heat pumps,heat pump technology is expected to experience a new wave of growth in the future.(3)The research focus of heat pump technology includes air source heat pump units and components,absorption heat pumps,and water source heat pumps.Finally,the paper provides suggestions for the development of heat pump technology in China.