职业教育贯通培养的实践探索、现实困境与优化策略

Practical ExPloration,Realistic Dilemmas and OPtimization Strategies for Integrated Talent Cultivation in Vocational Education

中高职贯通培养是现代职业教育体系建设进程中的重要内容。历经多年传承和演进,职业教育贯通培养已形成中高职贯通模式、中本贯通模式和高本贯通模式等多元样态,在适应经济高质量发展、构建现代职业教育体系以及满足人民对优质教育的需求方面发挥了关键作用。当前,职业教育贯通培养仍然面临制度机制有待完善、人才培养目标定位衔接不到位、课程与教材体系设计衔接不够、一体化教学实施缺乏、考核评价机制不科学等现实困境。为此,从开展一体化顶层设计、一体化设计人才培养方案、一体化构建课程与教材体系等方面提出推进职业教育贯通培养的策略。

The integrated talent cultivation model between secondary and higher vocational education is an important component of the modern vocational education system.After decades of inheritance and evolution,vocational education integration has formed multiple models,such as the secondary-to-higher vocational integration model,the vocational-to-bachelor,s integration model,and the higher vocational-to-bachelor,s integration model.These models have played a key role in adapting to high-quality economic development,constructing a modern vocational education system,and meeting the public demand for quality education.However,integrated talent cultivation in vocational education currently faces several challenges,including incomplete institutional mechanisms,misalignment of talent cultivation objectives,poor integration in curriculum and textbook design,lack of integrated teaching implementation,and unscientific assessment and evaluation mechanisms.To address these challenges,this paper proposes optimization strategies,such as strengthening top-level design,integrating talent development programs,and improving curriculum and textbook systems,so as to provide theoretical reference for integrated talent cultivation in vocational education.