摄影验光技术的发展历程及在儿童屈光不正筛查中的应用

The development history of photorefraction technology and its application in screening for refractive errors in children

摄影验光技术通过分析入瞳光线从视网膜反射的图像来确定儿童的屈光状态,适用于难以长时间合作的低龄儿童,显著提升了近视、远视、散光和斜视早期筛查的可行性,使得大规模筛查成为可能。摄影验光技术经历了从胶片成像到数字化、小型化及智能化的演变,特别是人工智能技术的融入,显著提升了诊断精度和适应性。深度学习算法通过对眼部图像进行自动分析和特征提取,使得摄影验光仪能够在复杂环境下保持较高的稳定性和准确性。数字化仿真技术的应用也为摄影验光技术的进一步优化提供了科学依据,通过模拟不同眼部条件下的成像效果,为设备性能的提升提供了有力支持。随着技术的产品化,多种型号的摄影验光仪被研制出来,如MTI、iScreen、PowerRefractor、Plusoptix、Spot、GoCheckKids等,这些设备在便携性、操作简便性和诊断准确性上不断进步,为儿童屈光不正筛查提供了多样化的选择。摄影验光技术在儿童屈光不正筛查中的应用日益广泛,进展显著,诊断精度和效率得到了大幅提升,为儿童视力健康的早期干预和保护提供了重要技术支持。

Photorefraction technology determines the refractive status of children by analyzing images of light reflected from the retina.This method is suitable for younger children who have difficulty cooperating for extended periods,significantly enhancing the feasibility of early screening for myopia,hyperopia,astigmatism,and strabismus,making large-scale screenings possible.Photorefraction technology has evolved from film imaging to digitalization,miniaturization,and intelligence.In particular,the integration of artificial intelligence technology has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and adaptability.Deep learning algorithms automatically analyze and extract features from eye images,enabling photorefractors to maintain high stability and accuracy in complex environments.The application of digital simulation technology also provides a scientific basis for further optimization of photorefraction technology,simulating imaging effects under different ocular conditions and providing strong support for improving device performance.With the commercialization of technology,various models of photorefractors have been developed,such as MTI,iScreen,PowerRefractor,Plusoptix,Spot,GoCheckKids,etc.These devices continue to improve in portability,ease of operation,and diagnostic accuracy,providing diverse options for screening refractive errors in children.Photorefraction technology is increasingly widely used in screening for refractive errors in children,with notable progress.Diagnostic accuracy and efficiency have been significantly improved,providing important technical support for early intervention and protection of global children's visual health.