两个西番莲种果实外观品质及矿物质养分评估

Evaluation of the Appearance Quality and Mineral Nutrients of Two Passiflora Species

对橙果西番莲和苹果西番莲果实的外观品质与矿物质元素进行测定及比较分析,为这2个西番莲种的开发利用提供参考。结果表明:橙果西番莲果实成熟时为橙黄色,果形较大,单果较重,可食率为47.29%,固酸比为10.13;苹果西番莲果实成熟时为黄绿色,果形偏小,单果偏轻,可食率为56.19%,固酸比为6.75。橙果西番莲果汁中钾、硅、硒等元素含量极显著高于苹果西番莲,磷、锰元素含量显著高于苹果西番莲;镁、钠、铁、锌、钼、铜等元素的含量二者没有显著差异。橙果西番莲果汁含钾量高达426.18mg/kg,是香蕉钾含量的12.3倍;橙果西番莲和苹果西番莲果汁中的铁、锌的含量分别是香蕉、芒果、荔枝、龙眼、菠萝和榴莲的54.5~438、52.5~506.5倍。与目前常见西番莲栽培品种黄金果、台农和紫果1号相比,橙果西番莲和苹果西番莲的铁含量相对高些,分别是这3种常见栽培种含量的1.5~1.9、1.8~2.2倍。因此,橙果西番莲和苹果西番莲含有丰富的矿物质营养,具有被开发为保健食品或功能性饮料等产品的潜力,二者可作为特色优质新品种的研究对象。

In this study,the appearance quality and mineral nutrients of Passiflora ligularis Juss.and P.lauriofolia L.were measured and compared.The results revealed that the P.ligularis was orange-yellow when ripe,with a relatively large fruit shape and high single-fruit weight;the percentage of edible P.ligularis was 47.29%,and the solid-acid ratio was 10.13.The P.lauriofolia is yellow-green when it is ripe,small in shape,and light in weight;the edible rate is 56.19%,and the solid-acid ratio is 6.75.The contents of K,Si,and Se in P.ligularis juice were significantly higher than those in P.lauriofolia,and the contents of P and Mn in P.ligularis juice were remarkably higher than those in P.lauriofolia juice.There was no significant difference in the contents of Mg,Na,Fe,Zn,Mo,orCu.The K content of P.ligularis juice is as high as 426.18 mg·kg-1,12.3 times that of bananas.The contents of Fe and Zn in P.ligularis juice and P.lauriofolia juice are 54.5~438 times and 52.5~506.5 times greater than those in banana,mango,lychee,longan,pineapple,and durian juices,respectively.Compared with common Huangjinguo,Tainong,and Ziguo No.1,the Fe contents of P.ligularis and P.lauriofolia are relatively higher,1.5~1.9 times and 1.8~2.2 times of these three common cultivated species,respectively.Therefore,P.ligularis and P.laurio-folia are rich in mineral nutrients and have the potential to be developed into products such as healthy food or functional drinks,both of which can be used as research objects for characteristic and high-quality new varieties.